1. The Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope Mission
Zhang, Shuang Nan
张 双 南
Tsinghua Center for Astrophysics (THCA)
and Physics Department
Tsinghua University, Beijing, China

2. Current Status of the HXMT Mission
Hard X-ray Modulation Telescope (HXMT)
973 Major State Basic Research Project in China since April 2000 (Scientific Definition and Technology Demonstration Phase)
20 Million Yuan from Ministry of Science and Technology
10 Million Yuan from Tsinghua University
10 Million Yuan from Chinese Academy of Sciences
total about $5M
Principal Investigator: Profs. Li, Tipei
Main participating institutions:
Chinese Academy of Sciences:
Institute of High Energy Physics
Center for Space Science and Application Research
Tsinghua University: Astrophysics Center, Physics Department, Engineering Physics Department, Space Center
Apply for full satellite mission in 2003/2004
Full mission cost about $100M
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

3. Main Scientific Goals Main Scientific Goals
Deep hard X-ray all-sky survey between keV
Seyfert II AGNs
Quasars
Galactic Plane Diffuse X-ray Emission
Pointed observations of faint objects
Seyfert AGNs
X-ray binaries
High sensitivity timing studies
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

4. Characteristics of the HXMT Mission
Mass ~1100kg (payload ~700 kg)
Dimension ×1.7×1.2m (L×W×H)
Nominal Mission lifetime years
Orbit Altitude 550km，Inclination 43°
Attitude Three-axis stabilized
Control precision：±0.25°
Stability: °/s
Measurement accuracy: <0.01°
Main Detector NaI(Tl)/CsI(Na) Phoswich
Total Detect Area ~5000 cm2
Energy Range ～250 keV
Energy Resolution ~22%
Continuum Sensitivity ~3.0×10-7 ph cm-2 s-1 keV-1
Field of View °x 5.7°（FWHM）
Source Location ≤1’´(20)
Angular Resolution ≤5’´(20)
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

5. HXMT Telescope
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

6. Structural Configuration (In the orbit)
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

7. Structural Configuration
Launch State with 3 Side-Plates Removed
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

8. Structural Configuration
Instruments Arrangement and 2-D Dimensions
70 mm
490 mm
97.5mm
880 mm
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

9. Structural Configuration
Exploded View
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

10. Structural Configuration
Instruments Arrangement on Top Surface of Mid-Plate
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

11. Structural Configuration
Instruments Arrangement on Bottom Surface of Mid-Plate
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

12. Structural Configuration
Instruments Arrangement on Top Plate
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

13. The Configuration of the HXMT
Active Shield
Collimator
Phoswich detector
Structures
PMT
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

14. The Main Detector system of the HXMT
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

15. The Collimator of the HXMT
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

16. Charged particle anti-coincidence shield
There are 12 anti-coincidence shield detectors in the HXMT, 6 are on the top and 6 surrounding the HXMT.
The detectors are plastic scintillation crystals.
When a charged particle enters the detector, a interaction will occur and create a “scintillation”(pulse of light).
The light produced by the interaction is viewed through optical fiber light guide in both ends by two PMT.
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

17. Outside profile
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

18. Shielding consist of Shielding mode passive Active CsI(Na) CPS Lead
(2mm)
CsI(Na)
CPS
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

19. The structure of CPS Roof #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 Side
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

20. The fibers distribution in PS board
Optical Fibers
PMT
Maximum photo collection: >99.8%
Minimum photo collection: >99.5%
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

21. The structure of the HXMT
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

22. The ground examination system
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

23. The Background simulation of the HXMT
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

24. The sensitivity of the HXMT
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

25. The sensitivity of the HXMT
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

26. The imaging performance of the HXMT
20 sigma source´
Source Location <0.5’´
Angular resolution<5’´
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

27. The imaging performance of the HXMT
Two point sources separated by 17’
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

28. This is a graph showing the HXMT Satellite in orbit
It is in earth oriented mode.
The red zone below is south atlantic geomagnetic anomoly region
How to design the orbit to minimize the effects of SAA is an important issue.
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

29. This is the ground trace of satellite subpoint for seven days.
The black point here is possible ground station location in china.
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

30. Observation modes Survey mode of HXMT All sky scan mode
3-axis stablized earth oriented:
roll angle=0º , region span=-43º-43º, 66days
roll angle=30º , region span=-13º-73º, 66days
roll angle=-30º , region span=-73º-13º, 66days
Pointing and deep scanning of selected sky region
The requirements of ADCS is based on HXMT mission objectives. In order to fulfill the objectives, the HXMT mission is divided into several mission phase. For every phase, a survey mode is defined.
There are two main mission phases and two corresponding survey mode:
The first is all sky scan phase .In this mode, the attitude of HXMT satellite is 3-axis stablized and earth oriented. The all-sky survey is carried through the motion of the satellite in its orbit and precession of the orbital plane. By rotating about the roll axis by thirty degrees and minus thirty degrees , HXMT is able to cover most sky region. This scan phase will take six months to complete.
The second phase is pointing and deep scanning of selected sky region. The satellite will operate in inertial fixed attitude to stare the interested sky region. For each point in the sky region, the period of attitude stablization is thirty minutes.Then the satellite is maneuvered to observe next point. This phase will run through the rest of mission lifetime ,about eigthteen months.
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

31. Possible secondary instruments
Soft X-ray telescope
BeppoSAX Spare Module
keV; 56 7 keV
Wide field X-ray monitor
CCD?
Silicon drift chambers?
BeppoSAX space module?
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan

32. Thank you Center for Astrophysics, Tsinghua University
July 6, 2002, IAU Regional Meeting, Satellite Meeting on High Energy Astrophysics, Tokyo, Japan