1. Political Systems Liberalism Conservatism Communism Socialism

2. Where did they come from??? Out of the French Revolution came new ideas about how governments should be formed. Middle and lower class people called for the upper class to be realistic. Realism - The idea that real life should be accurately observed and reported. The lower classes wanted more involvement in all areas of government.

3. Liberalism. Definition: A political idea of limited government and protection of one’s rights and freedoms. Liberals approve of reforms, such as those that came out of the French Revolution, but hate violence. Liberals tend to be middle class.

4. Conservatism Definition: A political idea that protects and conserves existing forms of government. Conservatives believe that revolution accomplishes only harm. Conservatives tend to be wealthy and upper class.

5. Communism Definition: Political idea in which wealth and power are shared equally among a classless society. In reality wealth and power are controlled by the state. Communists tend to have limited personal freedoms due to leaders supported by the military.

6. Socialism Definition: Political idea that the wealth of a country should be shared equally among the people. The people share ownership in properties such as factories, railroads, mines, etc. Socialists include all groups of society - the wealthy, middle and poor.

7. KARL MARX 1818-1883 Born in Germany to a middle class family Became a radical activist and journalist in college Put his beliefs in a pamphlet called the Communist Manifesto

8. Communist Manifesto Humans divided into two classes - the haves and have-nots The haves take advantage of the have-nots The Industrial Revolution created more problems between the social classes Predicts the poor will over throw the rich and create a new classless society

9. SUMMARY Reform and revolution swept across Europe Different political ideas were created Working people demand more influence Men like Karl Marx called for change Writings, such as the Communist Manifesto, influenced leaders.

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