1. Macromolecules Review

2. Carbohydrates Monomer- Polymer- Functions- Monosaccharide
Polysaccharide
Functions-
Energy Storage and Release
Cell Structure

3. Carbohydrate Structure
Monosaccharides
Polysaccharides
(Disaccharides)

4. Nucleic Acids Monomer- Polymer- Functions- Nucleotide DNA and RNA
Carries the genetic code

5. DNA Structure
Double Helix

6. Proteins Monomer- amino acids Polymer- Polypeptides Functions-
Enzymes-speed up chemical reactions
Structural – in muscles, etc

7. Enzyme-Substrate Complex
Enzyme Image
Active Site
Substrate
Enzyme
Enzyme-Substrate Complex
Enzyme
Products

8. Proteins have 4 Levels of Structure
Primary Structure
A chain of amino acids
Bonds between amino acids are called peptide bonds
This chain is called a polypeptide chain

9. 4 Levels of Structure (cont.)
Secondary Structure
Arrangement of polypeptide chains into different formations
Alpha helix: Coil or corkscrew formation
Beta Pleated Sheet: Pleats or folds
Random Coils

10. 4 Levels of Structure (cont.)
Tertiary Structure
3-D folding of secondary structures
Two secondary structures bonded together
At this stage it is a functional protein

11. 4 Levels of Structure (cont.)
Quaternary Structure
Tertiary proteins bond with each other, so you have a group of proteins bonded together
Example: Hemoglobin

12. Monomers Polymers
Monomers are bonded together through the process of…..
Dehydration Synthesis
Polymers break up through process of…
Hydrolysis D B C A

13. Lets review our cut outs…

14. Label the following as referring to a Protein (P), Nucleic Acid (N), Carb ©
Starch
Double Helix
Amino Acid
Alpha Helix
DNA
Peptide bond
Energy Storage
Monosac-charide
Enzyme
Has an “R” Group
Glucose 1. 2. 3.

15. Answers NA C P