1. Writing to Argue about and with Rhetorical Devices

2. Context and Kairos
Amid the tragedy of the assassination of Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King on Thursday, April 4th, 1968, an extraordinary moment in American political history occurred as Robert F. Kennedy, younger brother of slain President John F. Kennedy, broke the news of King's death to a large gathering of African Americans that evening in Indianapolis, Indiana.
The gathering was actually a planned campaign rally for Robert Kennedy in his bid to get the 1968 Democratic nomination for president. Just after he arrived by plane at Indianapolis, Kennedy was told of King's death. He was advised by local police against making the campaign stop which was in a part of the city considered to be a dangerous ghetto. But Kennedy insisted on going.
He arrived to find the people in an upbeat mood, anticipating the excitement of a Kennedy appearance. He climbed onto the platform and inquired as to whether or not the crowd knew – and then, realizing they did not know, he spoke.
Post-note: Just two months later, Robert Kennedy himself was gunned down during a celebration following his victory in the California primary, June 5, 1968.

3. Rhetorical Terms: A Closer Look at Style
Allusion – a reference to a familiar person, place, or thing
Analogy – a comparison of an unfamiliar idea to a simple, familiar one
Anecdote – a short story told to illustrate a point
Antithesis – balances or contrasts one word or idea against another
Irony – a word or phrase to mean the exact opposite of its literal meaning
Negative Definition – describes something by telling what it is not rather than, or in addition to, what it is
Parallel Structure – the repeating of phrases or sentences that are similar in structure
Quotations – quotations of well known individuals and or texts
Rhetorical Question – a question that is asked to emphasize a point, not to get an answer

4. Robert F. Kennedy - April 4, 1968
Ladies and Gentlemen - I'm only going to talk to you just for a minute or so this evening. Because...
I have some very sad news for all of you, and I think sad news for all of our fellow citizens, and people who love peace all over the world, and that is that Martin Luther King was shot and was killed tonight in Memphis, Tennessee.
Martin Luther King dedicated his life to love and to justice between fellow human beings. He died in the cause of that effort. In this difficult day, in this difficult time for the United States, it's perhaps well to ask what kind of a nation we are and what direction we want to move in.
For those of you who are black - considering the evidence evidently is that there were white people who were responsible - you can be filled with bitterness, and with hatred, and a desire for revenge.
We can move in that direction as a country, in greater polarization - black people amongst blacks, and white amongst whites, filled with hatred toward one another. Or we can make an effort, as Martin Luther King did, to understand and to comprehend, and replace that violence, that stain of bloodshed that has spread across our land, with an effort to understand, compassion and love.
For those of you who are black and are tempted to be filled with hatred and mistrust of the injustice of such an act, against all white people, I would only say that I can also feel in my own heart the same kind of feeling. I had a member of my family killed, but he was killed by a white man.
But we have to make an effort in the United States, we have to make an effort to understand, to get beyond these rather difficult times.
My favorite poet was Aeschylus. He once wrote: "Even in our sleep, pain which cannot forget falls drop by drop upon the heart, until, in our own despair, against our will, comes wisdom through the awful grace of God."
What we need in the United States is not division; what we need in the United States is not hatred; what we need in the United States is not violence and lawlessness, but is love and wisdom, and compassion toward one another, and a feeling of justice toward those who still suffer within our country, whether they be white or whether they be black.
So I ask you tonight to return home, to say a prayer for the family of Martin Luther King, yeah that's true, but more importantly to say a prayer for our own country, which all of us love - a prayer for understanding and that compassion of which I spoke. We can do well in this country. We will have difficult times. We've had difficult times in the past. And we will have difficult times in the future. It is not the end of violence; it is not the end of lawlessness; and it's not the end of disorder.
But the vast majority of white people and the vast majority of black people in this country want to live together, want to improve the quality of our life, and want justice for all human beings that abide in our land.
Let us dedicate ourselves to what the Greeks wrote so many years ago: to tame the savageness of man and make gentle the life of this world.
Let us dedicate ourselves to that, and say a prayer for our country and for our people. Thank you very much.

5. RFK’s Speech on Video

6. Glory from Selma

7. Context Clip from Selma

8. Current Debates

9. Write to Argue
Argue whether or not Robert F. Kennedy’s use of rhetorical devices, ethos, and style helped Indianapolis avoid the desires to riot. Include one analogy, negative definition, and rhetorical question.
Claim
Explain
Evidence
Warrant
Counterargument
Red Bow Conclusion

10. Example Writing to Argue (One evidence, one rhetorical device)
Robert F. Kennedy’s use of rhetorical devices, ethos, and style helped Indianapolis avoid the desires to riot in 1968.
In other words, his fluent speech calmed the city from rash actions.
Specifically, his use of parallel structure at the end of the speech brings righteous power to the people: “It is not the end of violence; it is not the end of lawlessness; and it’s not the end of disorder.”
Since the sentence shares the same structure there is a rhythm and emphasis on the endlessness of terror without compassion from these citizens.
It reminds the audience and citizens of Indianapolis, Indiana to react in a manner that promotes justice and gentle life.
While some are ready to disrupt the structures of the city, RFK moves for an effort in understanding and comprehending.
His style begs the question: if we do not dedicate our lives to compassion will the suffering stop?