1. December 2, 2014  Objective:  To describe various skin diseases  To differentiate between types of bones  To understand long bone structure  Journal: What are the names of three bones in the human body?

2. SKELETAL SYSTEM

3. Types of Bones  Long Bones  Short Bones  Flat Bones  Irregular Bones

4. Long Bones  Longer than they are wide  Found in your arms and legs

5. Short Bones  Fairly equal in width and length  Found in your wrists and ankles

6. Flat Bones  Thinner bones that can be either flat or curved, but plate-like  Examples: Skull, ribs, breastbone

7. Bone Anatomy

8. Periosteum  Tough, fibrous connective tissue that covers the bone  Contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves  Acts as an anchor point for tendons and ligaments

9. Regions of the Bones  Diaphysis - The middle of the bones between the two ends  Epiphysis - the ends of the bones

10. Medullary Cavity  Hollow region within the diaphysis (middle of the bone)  Storage area for bone marrow

11. Bone Marrow  Yellow Marrow: high in fat content  Can be converted into red bone marrow in emergencies when massive amounts of blood are lost  Red Marrow: produces red blood cells

12. Bone Tissues  Compact bone tissue  Spongy bone tissue

13. Compact Bone Tissue  Dense, hard tissue  Composes the stem of long bones and the outer layer of other bones

14. Compact Bone Tissue Parts  Osteons (Haversian Systems) - have mature bone cells (osteocytes) that form concentric circles around blood vessels  Run parallel to each other so enough oxygen and nutrients can get to the bone cells  Protein fibers, calcium and other minerals fill the area around the osteocytes

15. Spongy Bone Tissue  Made up of trabeculae  An irregular arrangement holes between tissues give it a spongy look

16. Spongy Bone Tissue Parts  Endosteum: connective tissue similar to periosteum lines the spongy tissue  Helps make bones weigh less  Provides space for red bone marrow

17. December 8, 2014  Objective:  To describe and observe the various surface structures of bones  Journal: What is the difference between compact and spongy bone?

18. Bone Surface Structures

19. Head  An articulating end of a bone that is rounded and enlarged and on top of a neck

20. Condyle A large, rounded knob usually articulating with another bone, does not have a neck

21. Epicondyle  An enlargement near or superior to a condyle

22. Facet  A small, flattened area that helps connect to another bone

23. Crest  A narrow ridge

24. Process  A prominent projection

25. Spine  A sharp projection

26. Trochanter  A larger version of a knoblike projection only in the femur

27. Tubercle  A knoblike projection

28. Foramen  A passageway through a bone for blood vessels, nerves, and ligaments; a hole

29. Fossa  Either a groove or a shallow depression

30. Meatus  A tube or tunnellike passageway through a bone

31. Sinus  A hollow area