2. evolution: -change over time Evolution (Darwin’s Theory): -modern organisms came from ancient organisms

3. Darwin’s observations: -diversity in similar ecosystems -living organisms look like fossils -Galapagos Islands

4. Darwin’s Finches -13 species  1 common ancestor -uniquely adapted to its habitat -difference in beak shape & size

5. Adaptation- inherited characteristic that increases an organism’s chance for survival physical/behavioral

6. Survival of the Fittest- individuals with the most successful adaptations survive and reproduce more successfully Natural Selection- changes in the inherited characteristics of a population & increases a species’ fitness in its environment

7. Fitness Ability to survive and reproduce!

8. Checking For Understanding What is a polar bear’s white fur considered? ADAPTATION What is the ability to survive and reproduce considered? FITNESS

9. Checking for Understanding What is this animal’s adaptation? Bill

10. Checking for Understanding What is change over time? EVOLUTION Fill in the blank.. Darwin theorized that ____ organisms came from ancient organism. MODERN

11. Checking for Understanding Darwin studied what kind of birds on the Galapagos Islands? FINCHES Changes in the inherited characteristics of an entire species is considered what? NATURAL SELECTION

12. Evidence for Evolution Turn to pg. 108 Title the Page “Evidence for Evolution” Divide the page into roughly 9 boxes. Number the boxes 1-9.

13. #1 1. Fossil Record -evidence of changing life forms over millions of years

14. #2 Homologous Structures-similar structures arising from a common ancestor

15. #3 Analogous Structures Same function but no common ancestry

16. #4 Checking for Understanding A human forearm to a cat’s forelimb is considered what? HOMOLOGOUS A butterfly’s wing to a bird’s wing is considered what? ANALOGOUS

17. #5 Similar Embryology: Vertebrates form in the same way in early stages of development.

18. #6-Vestigial Structures No function, and resembled other organisms Ex: coccyx (human tail bone), Appendix

19. #7Checking for Understanding What serves as evidence that life forms have been changing for millions of years? FOSSIL RECORD

20. #8 Checking for Understanding What proves that vertebrates develop in the same way early on? SIMILAR EMBRYOLOGY

21. #9 CLOSURE ACTIVITY How does an adaptation relate to survival of the fittest? Those most fit to survive has the most successful adaptations, otherwise inherited characteristics.