1. The Roman Empire at its biggest!!!
Ms E. Heron

2. So how did the Emperor control the Empire??
Roads:
Provinces: Rome was divided into provinces (regions) ruled by governors.
Each governor charged taxes to the Roman citizens. this money built good communications (roads, sea crosings) in the Empire.
This meant Rome was connected to all provinces.
Ms E. Heron

3. See all the different provinces of Rome:
Ms E. Heron

4. The Roman army was very powerful.
It was divided into legions (each had 5000 soldiers)
The whole Empire had 30 legions!!!
Auxilia were the backup army. These men were conquered armies and local tribes. They earned Roman citizenship after 25 years service.
Ms E. Heron

5. Roman Soldier: 16 years service Must be Roman citizen
Very proud of their legion
Fought hard in battle and were an unbeaten army for centuries.
Ms E. Heron

6. Rome, the city
Rome was a very busy city, the streets were crowded during day
You got there by boat from the port of Ostia
Rome was so busy, that all forms of transport were only aloud enter at night!!
Ms E. Heron

7. The forum: This was a large market area: people shopped and traded here
Ms E. Heron

8. Via Sacra: “the holy road” goes through centre of the forum.
Army general led precession after winning a battle
Behind his chariot were defeated soldiers to be sold as slaves
Road led from Colosseum to the Forum
Ms E. Heron

9. Roman Entertainment!!
A lot of wealth in Rome.
Entertainment was cheap, even plebeians enjoyed many luxuries.
Government provided entertainment to keep people happy.
Fights between gladiators happened in Amphitheatres eg: The Colosseum.
Gladiators were slaves who fought each other, or animals to entertain the crowd.
Gladiators fought until one man was killed or badly injured.
The emperor would give a signal to whether the looser lived or died.
Ms E. Heron

10. A visit to the theatre: Plays held in an open-air theatre
Audience sat in a semi-circle on stone seats.
The actors wore masks so the people furthest away could see them clearly.
The audience got involved by clapping and hissing at the characters on stage.
Ms E. Heron

11. Colosseum was often flooded to stage mock battles
Games went on for weeks at a time
Popular gladiators often had adoring fans eg: Spartacus
Ms E. Heron

12. The Colosseum: Huge amphitheatre built for entertainment.
Ms E. Heron

13. Historians believe there was a huge awning that would be drawn across the top of the Colosseum to protect from sunlight.
It held 50, 000 people network of tunnels underneath floor where gladiators and animals kept before the games
Ms E. Heron

14. Rich patricians had their names inscribed on their seats.
This signified their high status in society.
Plebeian citizens watched the games from stands further from the centre ring.
Can you tell me what this rich patrician did for a living??
Ms E. Heron

15. Chariot Racing: Held at the Circus Maximus.
Huge race track, up to 250, 000 people could attend.
Four teams races. Each had 4 horses they raced around the track 7 times (8KM)
Crashes were common and drivers and horses were killed all the time.
Teams were called after their colour:
The Greens, The blues, The reds, The whites
Ms E. Heron

16. Here people would meet for business & just to chat.
Roman Baths:
Romans loved to bath = Public baths in every Roman city, Romans went to the baths every day
Here people would meet for business & just to chat.
There were 3 in Pompeii and over 1000 in Rome
In large cities there were separate baths for men and women.
In smaller towns they had different times of day for men and women to use the baths
Ms E. Heron

17. Men and women bathed separately
Exercise Area
Water in the baths was heated by hot air produced underground by furnaces.
Men and women bathed separately
There were many different rooms at the baths
Lavatories
Swimming Pool
Caldarium
Frigidarium
Tepidarium
Ms E. Heron

18. You could do weights or wrestle in the exercise yard.
Visiting the baths:
Romans didn’t use soap. A slave would massage you with olive oil. The oil was later scraped off with a blunt knife like object, called a Strigil
You could do weights or wrestle in the exercise yard.
Go to the tepidarium (sauna) to chat with friends / do business.
Slaves serves snacks and drinks.
Ms E. Heron

19. A visit to the theatre:
Theatres were shaped in a semi-circles, the audience sat on stone seats.
Greek & Roman tragedies were played out for the audience.
The actors wore mask so that people at the back of the theatre could see them clearly.
The audience got involved in the play by clapping and hissing at the characters on stage.

20. Roman theatre mask: women wore ahite & men wore brown masks.