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Published byDora Miller Modified over 9 years ago
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Use your book (pg 459-468) Make three flaps on page 144 ArrheniusArrhenius Brønsted-LowryBrønsted-Lowry Lewis How do they define acids and bases? Give an example of each Use diagrams for representation
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I. Introduction to Acids & Bases Ch. 15 & 16 - Acids & Bases
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A. Properties electrolytes turn litmus red sour taste react with metals to form H 2 gas slippery feel turn litmus blue bitter taste ChemASAP vinegar, milk, soda, apples, citrus fruits ammonia, lye, antacid, baking soda
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B. Definitions Arrhenius - In aqueous solution… HCl + H 2 O H 3 O + + Cl – AcidsAcids form hydronium ions (H 3 O + ) H HHHH H Cl OO – + acid
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B. Definitions Arrhenius - In aqueous solution… BasesBases form hydroxide ions (OH - ) NH 3 + H 2 O NH 4 + + OH - H H H H H H N NO O – + H H H H base
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B. Definitions Brønsted-Lowry HCl + H 2 O Cl – + H 3 O + AcidsAcids are proton (H + ) donors. BasesBases are proton (H + ) acceptors. conjugate acid conjugate base baseacid
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B. Definitions H 2 O + HNO 3 H 3 O + + NO 3 – CBCAAB
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B. Definitions - can be an acid or a base. Amphoteric - can be an acid or a base. NH 3 + H 2 O NH 4 + + OH - CACBBA
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B. Definitions F - H 2 PO 4 - H2OH2O HF H 3 PO 4 H 3 O + Give the conjugate base for each of the following: - an acid with more than one H + Polyprotic - an acid with more than one H +
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B. Definitions Br - HSO 4 - CO 3 2- HBr H 2 SO 4 HCO 3 - Give the conjugate acid for each of the following:
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B. Definitions Lewis AcidsAcids are electron pair acceptors. BasesBases are electron pair donors. Lewis base Lewis acid
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C. Strength Strong Acid/Base 100% ionized in water strong electrolyte - + HCl HNO 3 H 2 SO 4 HBr HI HClO 4 NaOH KOH Ca(OH) 2 Ba(OH) 2
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C. Strength Weak Acid/Base does not ionize completely weak electrolyte - + HF CH 3 COOH H 3 PO 4 H 2 CO 3 HCN NH 3
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