1. Organization
9/08/2015
Mr. Kroesch 8J English

2. Why?
Organization is how we lead audiences through our writing and creates a unified feel to the work
Enhances comprehension
Guides reader’s processing of information
Makes writing process flow smoothly

3. Styles of Organization
Chronological Patterns
Sequential Patterns
Spatial Patterns
Compare-Contrast Patterns
Advantages- Disadvantages Patterns
Cause-Effect Patterns
Problem-Solution Patterns
Topical Patterns

4. Chronological Presents information in order of events based on time
First Event -> Second Event -> Third Event
Variations include:
"past-present-future“
"before-during-after“
Most commonly used for narratives and historic event papers

5. Chronological Example
Introduction I
Significant Event # 1
Significant Event # 2 II
Conclusion

6. Sequential
Arranges events in order of completion, similar to chronologic but without time needed
Main events can be broken down into sub-events based on importance
Most useful for describing processes (how-to speeches)

7. Sequential Example I: Harvest the grapes
Harvesting procedure number one
Harvesting procedure number two
II. Step Two: Prepare the grapes
Preparation procedure number one
Preparation procedure number two
III. Step Three: Ferment the grapes
Fermenting procedure number one
Fermenting procedure number two
IV. Step Four: Press the grapes
Pressing procedure number one
Pressing procedure number two
V. Step Five: Age the wine
Aging procedure number one
Aging procedure number two

8. Spacial Organizes information based on location
Usually goes from a larger area to a smaller area
Leads the audience through the information as if giving a tour
Good for describing physical locations

9. Spacial Example I. Downtown Waterfront II. Seattle Center
Aquarium
Pike Place Market
II. Seattle Center
Space Needle
Pacific Science Center
III. University District
University of Washington campus
The "Ave" (Shops on University Avenue)

10. Compare-Contrast
Takes two or more things and discusses their similarities and differences
Still divided by topic (for example: size, color, uses)
Useful for discussing two similar, but different subjects

11. C/C Example Colleges I. Cost of Tuition II. Quality of Education
Two-year
Four-year
II. Quality of Education
III. Educational Programs

12. Advantage/Disadvantage
Looks at a single topic
Discusses the “good” and “bad” aspects in each paragraph
Usually used in personal opinion writing
Usually good for OBJECTIVE writing
Objective: without personal persuasion or bias

13. A/D Example Still Talking about College I. Advantages
Cost
Accessibility
II. Disadvantages
Number of educational programs
Quality of instruction

14. Problem/Solution Addresses a single subject
Divides main body into two sections
Problem
Solution
Useful for writing about topical issues and persuasive writing

15. P/S Example I. Problem: Motorized Transportation
Increasing traffic congestion
Increasing pollution
Increasing "road rage" from traffic-related stress
II. Solution: Riding Bicycles
Bike riding reduces the number of motorized vehicles in use
Bike riding is not a source of pollution
Bike riding has physical and psychological health benefits

16. Topical Organization
Takes a very broad subject and breaks it down into specific sub-topics
Used for very general informative writing about very large topics
Each sub-topic provides similar information to maintain consistency in writing

17. Topical Example I. Red Wines II. White Wines A. European
Bordeaux
Burgundy
Chianti
B. Californian
Cabernet Sauvignon
Pinot Noir
Zinfandel
II. White Wines
Mosel
Sauvignon Blanc
Chardonnay
Riesling

18. Your Task! Complete an outline for the following topics
Plan as if you’re writing a four paragraph essay about the topics
1. A paper discussing three different types of sports
2. Writing about your first day of school in Bloomington
3. Discuss how you would solve the problem of gross food being served at your school for lunch