1. Gastrointestinal Drugs

2. Antacids Neutralize stomach acids - cause of heartburn
Active ingredients - aluminum, magnesium hydroxide, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate
Bases combine w/ acid to pH
Examples
Tums
Maalox, Mylanta
Pepto-Bismal

3. Antacids Adverse effects - constipation, diarrhea
Acid Rebound Phenomenon

4. Histamine (H2) Blockers (Acid Reducers)
Presence of histamine cause the release of gastric acids in stomach
Action - prevent (limit) release of histamine by blocking receptor sites
Indications
acute & chronic ulcers
stomach pain
GERD

5. H2 Blockers Examples Tagamet (Cimetidine) Pepcid AC (Famotidine)
Zantac 75 (Rantidine)
Prilosec – blocks action of H+/K+ ATPase proton pump which secretes acid into the stomach
Nexium – new med to treat erosion of esophagus
*** Antacids & H2 Blockers should not be a panacea for poor eating habits

6. Antidiarrheal Actions Examples slow peristalsis
adsorbent (absorb H2O & electrolytes)
Examples
Immodium AD (Loperamide)
Donnagel, Kaopectate
Pepto-Bismal - antibacterial effects

7. Antiemetics Action - decrease nausea & vomiting Examples
various receptors in CNS to suppress nausea
coat the stomach & decrease irritation
Examples
Phenergan (Promethazine HCl)
Benedryl (Diphenhydramine)
Dramamine (Dimehydinate)
Emetrol - Dextrose, Fructose, Phosphoric Acid
Marinol ????

8. Laxatives Examples Drs. recommend non-medicinal remedies
Citracel
Metamucil
Correctol
Milk of Magnesia
Drs. recommend non-medicinal remedies
Illegal in sports!