1. Sedatives

2. Sedatives- Uses zUses: yPreanesthetic yAntiepileptic yAnxiolytic yTreat insomnia yMuscle relaxation

3. Sedatives - Actions zAction: yEnhances GABA yEffects on acetylcholine and dopamine yCalming effects yDecrease anxiety z Side effects yDrowsiness, confusion yDepress respiratory system ySynergistic effects w/alcohol yGI problems yDependence

4. Sedatives - Categories zBarbituates - Schedule II, III & IV ygreat risk of O.D. - toxic amount 10 times recommended dose y(Phenobarbital) y(Pentobarbital)

5. Sedatives - Categories zBenzodiazepines - Schedule IV yless risk of O.D. yValium (Diazepam) xanxiety, muscle relaxation xSide effects - drowsiness, fatigue, ataxia yXanax (Alprazolam) xpanic attacks, anxiety xless buzz effect than Valium

6. Benzodiazepines - Hypnotics yHalcion (Triazolam) xtreat insomnia xside effects - hangover feeling, headache, nausea, blurred vision, memory loss xwas taken off the market for a while yRestoril (Temazepam) xhangover feeling yDalmane (Flurazepam)

7. Treatment of sleeplessness zLegitimate uses of sleeping meds. zOther ways to treat insomnia zOTC sleeping meds. - take >20 min. to work yDiphenhydramine ySide effect - drowsiness

8. Sedatives zVery addicting zVery dangerous to quit cold turkey z Withdrawal Symptoms yPhysical - xtremors, shakes, headache, insomnia, convulsions yPsychological - xirritability, anxiety, restlessness

9. Rohypnol zPowerful sleep inducing drug zSchedule I drug – Controlled Substances Act zBanned Benzodiazepine zMade in the U.S. – legal in Mexico