1. Cell Division

2. Cell Division Mitosis – Occurs in BODY cells only!!
Every cell must first copy its genetic information before cell division begins.
***Each daughter cell then gets an exact, complete copy of that information from the parent cell***

3. The Cell Cycle
Series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide
The “parent” cell grows, divides, and forms two “daughter” cells that each begin the cycle again
G1 phase
S phase
G2 phase

4. The Cell Cycle Cell Cycle includes M phase (Mitosis) Interphase
is divided into
is divided into
G1 phase
S phase
Prophase
G2 phase
Metaphase
Telophase
Anaphase

5. Events of the Cell Cycle
Interphase – time when cell isn’t dividing – can be long. Made up of 3 phases:
G1 – cells grow and create new proteins and organelles
S – chromosomes replicated and make DNA
G2 – shortest of the three phases and organelles required for cell division made
(Interphase is NOT part of Mitosis!)

6. Interphase

7. M-Phase: Mitosis
Takes place quicker than Interphase, Occurs in somatic (body) cells only. Mitosis has four phases:
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

8. Prophase
1st and longest phase – chromosomes become visible. The centrioles separate and send spindles (tube-like structures) out to attach to chromosomes. Nuclear membrane breaks down.

9. Prophase

10. Metaphase
2nd and pretty short phase – chromosomes line up at center of cell

11. Metaphase

12. Anaphase
3rd phase – chromosomes separate and become individual chromosomes. They move to the poles of the spindle.

13. Anaphase

14. Telophase
4th phase – chromosomes begin to disperse into a tangle of dense material. Nuclear membrane re-forms around chromosomes and spindle breaks down.

15. Telophase

16. Cytokinesis
At the end of Telophase, two nuclei are within cytoplasm of one cell. Cytokinesis divides the cytoplasm and occurs at the same time as Telophase
Cytoplasm pinched in two to create ***two daughter cells genetically identical to one another***

17. Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Spindle forming
Centrioles
Nuclear envelope
Chromatin
Centromere
Centriole
Chromosomes (paired chromatids)
Interphase
Prophase
Spindle
Cytokinesis
Centriole
Metaphase
Telophase
Individual chromosomes
Anaphase
Nuclear envelope reforming

18. Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Spindle forming
Centrioles
Nuclear envelope
Chromatin
Centromere
Centriole
Chromosomes (paired chromatids)
Interphase
Prophase
Spindle
Cytokinesis
Centriole
Metaphase
Telophase
Individual chromosomes
Anaphase
Nuclear envelope reforming

19. Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Spindle forming
Centrioles
Nuclear envelope
Chromatin
Centromere
Centriole
Chromosomes (paired chromatids)
Interphase
Prophase
Spindle
Cytokinesis
Centriole
Metaphase
Telophase
Individual chromosomes
Anaphase
Nuclear envelope reforming

20. Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Spindle forming
Centrioles
Nuclear envelope
Chromatin
Centromere
Centriole
Chromosomes (paired chromatids)
Interphase
Prophase
Spindle
Cytokinesis
Centriole
Metaphase
Telophase
Individual chromosomes
Anaphase
Nuclear envelope reforming

21. Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Spindle forming
Centrioles
Nuclear envelope
Chromatin
Centromere
Centriole
Chromosomes (paired chromatids)
Interphase
Prophase
Spindle
Cytokinesis
Centriole
Metaphase
Telophase
Individual chromosomes
Anaphase
Nuclear envelope reforming

22. Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Spindle forming
Centrioles
Nuclear envelope
Chromatin
Centromere
Centriole
Chromosomes (paired chromatids)
Interphase
Prophase
Spindle
Cytokinesis
Centriole
Metaphase
Telophase
Individual chromosomes
Anaphase
Nuclear envelope reforming

25. Summary of Mitosis Occurs in body cells
Makes 2 genetically identical cells with the same amount of chromosomes as parent cells
PMAT – four stages of mitosis