1. CHAPTER 8 Mitosis SP 2013

2. Chapter 9 Cellular Reproduction
Section 1: Cellular Growth
Section 2: Mitosis and Cytokinesis
Section 3: Cell Cycle Regulation

3. Ratio of Surface Area to Volume
Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.1 Cellular Growth
Ratio of Surface Area to Volume

4. Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.1 Cellular Growth
As the cell grows, its volume increases much more rapidly than the surface area.
The cell might have difficulty supplying nutrients and expelling enough waste products.

5. Transport of Substances
Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.1 Cellular Growth
Transport of Substances
Substances move by diffusion or by motor proteins.
Diffusion over large distances is slow and inefficient.
Small cells maintain more efficient transport systems.

6. Cellular Communications
Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.1 Cellular Growth
Cellular Communications
The need for signaling ______to move throughout the cell also limits cell _____.
Cell ____ affects the ability of the cell to communicate instructions for cellular functions.

7. ___ ________ prevents the cell from becoming too large.
Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.1 Cellular Growth
The Cell Cycle
___ ________ prevents the cell from becoming too large.
It also is the way the cell reproduces so that you grow and heal certain injuries.
Cells reproduce by a cycle of growing and dividing called the ___ _______.

8. Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.1 Cellular Growth
__________ is the stage during which the cell grows, carries out cellular functions, and replicates.
_________ is the stage of the cell cycle during which the cell’s nucleus and nuclear material divide.
___________ is the method by which a cell’s cytoplasm divides, creating a new cell.

9. The Stages of Interphase
Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.1 Cellular Growth
The Stages of Interphase
The first stage of ____________, G1
The cell is growing, carrying out normal cell functions, and preparing to replicate DNA.

10. The Second Stage of Interphase, S
Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.1 Cellular Growth
The Second Stage of Interphase, S
The cell copies its _____in preparation for cell division.

11. The Third Stage of Interphase, G2
Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.1 Cellular Growth
The Third Stage of Interphase, G2
The cell prepares for the division of its nucleus.

12. How do little elephants grow up to be BIG elephants?

13. Why do animals shed their skin?

14. The process of asexual reproduction begins after a sperm fertilizes an egg.

15. Three reasons why cells reproduce by asexual reproduction: 1
Skin cancer - the abnormal growth of skin cells - most often develops on skin exposed to the sun.
Cell that reproduce by asexual reproduction reproduce constantly.

16. Animated Mitosis Cycle
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase & Cytokinesis

17. Interphase occurs before mitosis begins
Chromosomes are ___________(# doubles)
Chromosomes appear as threadlike coils (____________) at the start, but each chromosome and its copy(_______ chromosome) change to sister chromatids at end of this phase
CELL MEMBRANE
Nucleus
Cytoplasm

18. Interphase Plant Cell Animal Cell
Photographs from:

19. Prophase 1st step in Mitosis
Mitosis begins (cell begins to divide)
___________(or poles) appear and begin to move to opposite end of the cell.
Spindle fibers form between the poles.
Centrioles
Sister chromatids
Spindle fibers

20. Prophase Plant Cell Animal Cell Spindle fibers Centrioles
Photographs from:

21. Metaphase 2nd step in Mitosis
____________(or pairs of chromosomes) attach to the spindle fibers.
Centrioles
Spindle fibers

22. Metaphase Plant Cell Animal Cell
Photographs from:

23. Anaphase 3rd step in Mitosis
______________(or pairs of chromosomes) separate and begin to move to opposite ends of the cell.
Centrioles
Spindle fibers

24. Anaphase Plant Cell Animal Cell
Photographs from:

25. Telophase 4th step in Mitosis
Two new ________ form.
Chromosomes appear as chromatin (threads rather than rods).
Mitosis ends.
Nuclei
Nuclei
Chromatin

26. Telophase Plant Cell Animal Cell
Photographs from:

27. Cytokinesis occurs after mitosis
Cell membrane moves inward to create two daughter cells – each with its own nucleus with identical ________________.

28. Animal Mitosis -- Review
Interphase                                                             
Prophase                                                             
Metaphase                                                             
Anaphase                                                             
Telophase                                                             

29. Plant Mitosis -- Review
Interphase                                                             
Prophase                                                             
Metaphase                                                             
Anaphase                                                             
Telophase                                                             

30. IPMATC REMEMBER! Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase Telophase
Cytokinesis
IPMATC
A mnemonic to help remember the stages of mitosis.
I Pray More At The Church

31. Cell Cycle

32. - Cell Division
The Cell Cycle 32

33. Mitosis Animation

34. 9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation Normal Cell Cycle
Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation
Normal Cell Cycle
Different __________ combinations _______ other activities, including DNA ___________, protein _____________, and nuclear ___________ throughout the ______ ______________.

35. _____________ __________ Checkpoints
Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation
_____________ __________ Checkpoints
The cell _________________ has built-in ___________ that _____________ the cycle and can __________ it if something goes __________.
______________ checkpoints also have been identified in ____________.

36. ______________ Cell Cycle: ___________
Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation
______________ Cell Cycle: ___________
__________ is the __________ growth and _______ of cells.
Cancer cells can ___ an __________ by ________ out _____
cells, resulting in the _______ of tissue _________.

37. Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation
___________ of Cancer
The __________ that occur in the ___________ of cell ________ and _________ of cancer cells are due to ___________.
Various _____________ factors can ________ the occurrence of ________ cells.

38. Causes of Cancer
___________________

39. _______________ cell __________
Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation
Apoptosis
_______________ cell __________
__________ going through apoptosis actually _________ and _________ in a ____________ process.

40. Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation
Stem Cells
____________ cells that can _______ into __________ cells when _____ the right ____________

41. Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation
Embryonic Stem Cells
After ___________, the resulting ______ of cells _________ repeatedly until there are about _____-____ cells. These cells have ________ become _____________.

42. Chapter 9
Cellular Reproduction
9.3 Cell Cycle Regulation
Adult Stem Cells
Found in _________ tissues in the body and __________ be used to _________ and ___________ the ________ kind of tissue
_________ controversial because the adult stem cells can be ____________ with the ___________ of their donor
Cellular Reproduction