1. 網路多媒體研究所 1 WCDMA Technology Past, Present and Future Part III: WCDMA Mobile Communication System

2. 網路多媒體研究所 2 Part III: WCDMA Mobile Communication System Overview of WCDMA WCDMA System Architecture WCDMA Protocols & Service Channels

3. 網路多媒體研究所 3 WCDMA Basic (1/4) Goal : integrated seamless network broadband wireless multimedia by anyone, from anywhere, at any time –an integrated seamless network that ensures global personal connectivity and enables access to broadband wireless multimedia communications and services by anyone, from anywhere, at any time. (source: UMTS Forum) Data Rate Requirements Source: ITU-R Circular Letter Edit: CHT-TL

4. 網路多媒體研究所 4 WCDMA Basic (2/4) Frequency band (ITU Allocation) –FDD : Downlink 1885-1980 MHz, Uplink 2110-2170 MHz (Extended Band: 806-960 MHz, 1710-1885 MHz, 2500-2690 MHz) –TDD : 2010-2025 MHz Features of spread spectrum –Spread the information bits into the whole carrier space (white noise) –Channelisation by using the OVSF (Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factor) codes –Processing gain –Security –Anti-jamming

5. 網路多媒體研究所 5 WCDMA Basic (3/4) Duplexing FDD Chip Rate (Mcps) 3.84 Channel Spacing (MHz) 5 Frame Length (ms) 10 (38400 Chips) Slots/per Frame 15 (1slot=2560 Chips) Multi-rate Concept Variable Spreading Factor (OVSF Code) and/or Multi-code Data Modulation QPSK Spreading Modulation UL ： QPSK; DL ： QPSK Complex Spreading Spreading factors from 256 to 4 with uplink from 512 to 4 with downlink Channel Coding Convolutional Coding (r = 1/2, 1/3; K = 9) Turbo Code (r=1/3; K=3) UL: Uplink; DL: Downlink

6. 網路多媒體研究所 6 WCDMA Basic (4/4) 3GPP –www.3gpp.orgwww.3gpp.org WCDMA –FDD mode –TDD mode Release –R99 (200003 freeze) –R4 (200103 freeze) –R5 (200203-06 freeze) –R6 (200306-12 freeze) –R7 (2004-)

7. 網路多媒體研究所 7 WCDMA System Architecture (1/2) PS Domain CS Domain

8. 網路多媒體研究所 8 WCDMA System Architecture (2/2) Major Components to form the Network –UE (User Equipment) –UTRAN (UMTS Radio Access Network) Node B and RNC –CN (Core Network) (R99) Inherit the GPRS/GSM Core Network SGSN/GGSN (GPRS) MSC/HLR/VLR (GSM) Two Switching Domain –Packet Switch Domain –Circuit Switch Domain

9. 網路多媒體研究所 9 CN (Core Network) MSC as upgraded CN for CS domain SGSN as upgraded CN for PS domain Existing network elements like HLR or GGSN will be modified and reused Existing interfaces like E, Gn … will probably reused Ref: Tektronix

10. 網路多媒體研究所 10 RNC (Radio Network Controller) Control of one or more Node B Interface with the CN (3G-MSC and 3G-SGSN) Control the use and the integrity of the radio resources of UTRAN Terminated RANAP, NBAP, RNSAP as well as RRC/RLC/MAC The central element of an UMTS

11. 網路多媒體研究所 11 Node-B (BS) A logical node like BTS in GSM Perform the air interface L1 processing Responsible for transmission and reception in one or more cells to/from the User Equipment Terminate the Iub interface, i.e. NBAP RF power control Control a number of cells Ref: Tektronix

12. 網路多媒體研究所 12 WCDMA Bearer Services TE MT UTRAN CN (Iu EN) CN (Iu EN) CN (GT) CN (GT) TE Utra FDD Radio Bearer Iu Bearer Radio Access Bearer CN Bearer UMTS Bearer External Bearer TE/MT Local Bearer End-to-End Bearer

13. 網路多媒體研究所 13 WCDMA—Protocol Architecture (1/2)

14. 網路多媒體研究所 14 WCDMA—Protocol Architecture (2/2) Access Stratum Non-Access Stratum User plane protocols Control plane protocols

15. 網路多媒體研究所 15 W-CDMA UE 端通訊協定架構 W-CDMA PHY SW/HW W-CDMA UE Control Module CPHY PDCP Layer BMC Layer RRC Layer Transport Channels RABM Layer MM Layer CM Layer USIM Module USIM Control InterfacesCS/PS Data Interfaces W-CDMA L2 (Uu Interface) W-CDMA L3 RLC Layer MAC Layer User Plane Control Plane

16. 網路多媒體研究所 16 UE 端 NAS 通訊協定架構 CC Sub- layer SM Sub- layer SS Sub- layer GSMS Sub- layer CBS Sub- layer CM Layer MM Sub-layer GMM Sub-layer MM Layer RABM Layer USIM Module W-CDMA AS Protocol W-CDMA UE Control Module USIM NtGCDCPDCP PS Data CBS Ctrl GSMS Ctrl SS Ctrl SM Ctrl CC Ctrl MM Ctrl BMC CS Data CS UMTS NAS

17. 網路多媒體研究所 17 UE 端 AS 通訊協定架構 PDCP Layer W-CDMA PHY SW/HW W-CDMA NAS Protocol NtGCDCPDCPBMC UMTS AS BMC Layer RRC Layer RLC Layer MAC Layer CPHY CS Transport Channels Logical Channels CMAC CRLC CBMC CPDCP Radio Bearers

18. 網路多媒體研究所 18 PHY 層基頻信號處理功能方塊 CRC Attachment, Channel Coding, 1st Interleaving, Rate Matching CRC Attachment, Channel Coding, 1st Interleaving, Rate Matching CRC Attachment, Channel Coding, 1st Interleaving, Rate Matching CRC Attachment, Channel Coding, 1st Interleaving, Rate Matching CRC Attachment, Channel Coding, 1st Interleaving, Rate Matching CRC Attachment, Channel Coding, 1st Interleaving, Rate Matching Transport Channel MUX Transport Channel #1 Transport Channel #2 Transport Channel #N CCTrCH Physical Channel Segmentation, 2nd Interleaving, Physical Channel Mapping Physical Channel Segmentation, 2nd Interleaving, Physical Channel Mapping Spreading & Gain Weighting Spreading & Gain Weighting PhCH #1 PhCH #2 PhCH #3 PhCH #4 DPCCH Σ Σ ⊕ ⊕ j Scrambling Pulse Shaping Modulation To RF I + jQ I Q (DPDCH)

19. 網路多媒體研究所 19 WCDMA Radio Interface Protocol Architecture (1/2) PHY(W-CDMA) RLC RRC PDCP L1 L2 L3 Control Control PlaneUser Plane Transport Channels Logical Channels Physical Channels Radio Bearers MAC BMC U-plane Radio Bearers Signalling Radio Bearers

20. 網路多媒體研究所 20 WCDMA Radio Interface Protocol Architecture (2/2) The radio interface protocol (access stratum) is layered into three protocol layers: –Layer 1: Physical Layer –Layer 2: Data link Layer --- split into two main sub-layers Radio Link Control (RLC) Medium Access Control (MAC) –Layer 3: Network Layer Radio Resource Control (RRC)

21. 網路多媒體研究所 21 Radio Resource Mapping Concept Signalling Radio Bearer (SRB): –RB#1~RB#4 are used for RRC signalling Radio Access Bearer (RAB): –RAB is from the NAS viewpoint for User- plane services –one RAB may contain more than one RBs (RB#5~RB#31) Logical Channel –information to be transferred (ITU-R M.1035) Transport Channel –information transfer method Physical Channel –corresponds to a specific carrier frequency, spreading code, and on the uplink, relative phase (0 or  /2) PhyCH(RL) L1 TrCH(DCH) RLC MAC SRBs LgCH RB LgCH RB LgCH RB LgCH RB LgCH RB LgCH RB RAB

22. 網路多媒體研究所 22 Logical Channels Control Channel – BCCH : A downlink channel for broadcasting system information – PCCH : A downlink channel that transfers paging information – CCCH : A bidirectional channel for transmitting control information between a UE and the network – DCCH : A point-to-point bidirectional channel that transmits dedicated control information between a UE and the network Traffic Channel – DTCH : A point-to-point channel, dedicated to one UE, for transfer of user information – CTCH : Point-to-multipoint unidirectional channel for transfer of dedicated user information for all or group of specified UEs Logical Channel Control Channel BCCH PCCH CCCH DCCH Traffic Channel DTCH CTCH

23. 網路多媒體研究所 23 Transport Channels Dedicated Transport Channel(DCH) – Carries all the information intended for the given user, including data and signals – Optimizes Radio Performance Fast Power Control Fast Data Rate Change on Frame Basis Soft Handover – Needs some extra time to setup channel before using Common Transport Channel – BCH : DL, relatively high power, low and fixed rate – PCH : DL, relatively high power, low and fixed rate, low power consumption – RACH/FACH : Open Loop Power Control or Fixed Power Common Packet Transport Channel(CPCH) – Extension to the RACH – Fast Power Control without Soft handover Shared Transport Channel(DSCH) – Similar to FACH – Fast Power Control without Soft handover Transport Channel Dedicated Transport Channel Common Transport Channel Shared Transport Channel DCH BCH PCH RACH FACH DSCH Common Packet Transport Channel CPCH

24. 網路多媒體研究所 24 Physical Channels Common Physical Channels: – Synchronization Channels (SCH, DL) Primary Synchronization Channel (P-SCH) Secondary Synchronization Channel (S-SCH) – Common Pilot Channel (CPICH, DL) – Common Control Physical Channels (CCPCH, DL) Primary common physical channel (P-CCPCH) Secondary common physical channel (S-CCPCH) – Indication Channel Acquisition Indication Channel (AICH, DL) Page Indication Channel (PICH, DL) CPCH Access Preamble Acquisition Indicator Channel (AP-AICH, DL) CPCH Collision Detection Channel Assignment Indicator Channel (CD/CA-ICH, DL) CPCH Status Indicator Channel (CSICH, DL) – Physical Random Access Channel (PRACH, UL) – Physical Common Packet Channel (PCPCH, UL) Dedicated Physical Channels: – Dedicated Physical Data Channel (DPDCH, DL&UL) – Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH, DL&UL )

25. 網路多媒體研究所 25 Radio Resource Mapping