1. Charging Neutral Objects Electric charge can be influenced to move by the presence of other charges (same or different) To charge a neutral object, electrons need to be added or removed (Why electrons?)

2. 1. Conduction: charging by contact between a charged object and a neutral object = + = - Neutral Charge = -6e

3. 1. Conduction: charging by contact between a charged object and a neutral object = + = - Charge = -1e Charge = -5e

4. 1. Conduction: charging by contact between a charged object and a neutral object = + = - Charge = -2e Charge = -4e

5. 1. Conduction: charging by contact between a charged object and a neutral object = + = - Charge = -3e

6. 1. Conduction: Once the charges on the objects have equalized, no more charge is transferred. The overall (net) charge is still -6e because charge is conserved = + = - Charge = -3e

7. 2. Induction: This method involves no direct contact between the charged and neutral objects Charges in the neutral object are influenced by an external electric field, but no transfer occurs with the charged object

8. 2. Induction: Start with two neutral conductors (this won’t work very well with insulators) that are in contact with each other but are not grounded = + = -

9. 2. Induction: Bring a charged object near the two conductors, but do not make contact with either conductor = + = - both are neutral charge = -3e

10. 2. Induction: The charged object pushes electrons from the right- hand sphere to the left-hand sphere = + = - charge = -3e

11. 2. Induction: The charged object pushes electrons from the right- hand sphere to the left-hand sphere = + = - charge = -3e

12. 2. Induction: The charged object pushes electrons from the right- hand sphere to the left-hand sphere = + = - charge = -3e

13. 2. Induction: Now separate the two spheres while the charged object is still nearby = + = - charge = -3e

14. 2. Induction: Now separate the two spheres while the charged object is still nearby = + = - charge = -3e

15. 2. Induction: Now separate the two spheres while the charged object is still nearby = + = - charge = -3e

16. 2. Induction: Remove the charged object and notice that… = + = - …the left-hand sphere has three extra electrons (charge = -3e) and the right-hand sphere has lost three electrons (charge = +3e)

17. 2. Induction: Both objects are now charged although neither made contact with the charged object! = + = - The overall (net) charge is still zero since charge is conserved. All charge gained by one is lost by the other! charge = -3echarge = +3e