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The CO2 Project (Design with Constraint Solving)

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Presentation on theme: "The CO2 Project (Design with Constraint Solving)"— Presentation transcript:

1 The CO2 Project (Design with Constraint Solving)
Titre du document The CO2 Project (Design with Constraint Solving) Laurent ZIMMER DASSAULT AVIATION Research and Future Business Division Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.

2 Context A National Research Project
Labelled by a network for Software Development of the French Ministry of Research Granted by the French Ministry of Economy, Finance and Industry FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

3 Context 6 partners 2 Industrial 2 Informatics Labs 2 Engineering Labs
FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

4 Purpose To develop in parallel
Titre du document Purpose To develop in parallel A (mainly) interval constraint-based software dedicated to engineering design called CE : Modelling Solving A relating design methodology: inverted and integrated design constraint formulation FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94 Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.

5 Basic Principle Classical Design Process I.I. Design Process Concept
Titre du document Basic Principle Classical Design Process I.I. Design Process Concept Model Req. DV DV+PV Calculus Calculus PV PV Point to Point Design 1) design variables are fixed 2) then calculus is processed 3) the result is compared with the Requirements through the performance variables Consequences: 1) Decision is made too early 2) Calculus is checked too late Inverted Integrated Design The idea is to handle Requirements and Product at the same level. Requirements are expressed with inequalities. Then the calculus has to provide alternative solutions satisfying the requirements. We remark that Interval Constraint Solving fits with this need. Requirements Solution Sol 1 Sol2 ... Sol N Point to Point design Set-based design (Toyota) FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94 Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.

6 Methodology To test the approach through many case studies:
Academic case studies preliminary aircraft vehicle design Industrial case studies mechanical design problem design of an Air Conditioning System (ACS) FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

7 Software Development Every 6 months Release
Titre du document Software Development Every 6 months Release Initial version of the tool: Hull consistency with decomposition (HC3) Interval arithmetic directly implemented with the floating point arithmetic instructions of the C++ compiler (outer rounding) infinite numbers are not processed FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94 Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.

8 Titre du document Global Unmanned Aircraft Preliminary Design
First Case-Study Global Unmanned Aircraft Preliminary Design Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.

9 Problem Description Requirements resulting from mission profile:
Titre du document Requirements resulting from mission profile: Range, cruise speed, cruise altitude, volume of payload .. Constraint Model: 51 variables,35 equations and 26 inequalities, 5 Geometrical Design Variables : Body diameter, Wing span, Wing root chord Wing thickness/chord ratio, Wing aspect ratio Constraint model : mass, volume, geometry, aerodynamics, propulsion, signature,flight performance Geometrical Design Variables Body diameter (Bdepth m), wing span (Span m2), wing root chord (Croot m), wing thickness/chord ratio (TiCRat), wing aspect ratio (AspRat) FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94 Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.

10 Possible Designs trapezoidal delta arrow T L Swl Titre du document
TiCRaT = T / L wing thickness/chord ratio arrow delta trapezoidal Swl wing leading sweep angle FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94 Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.

11 Some tests T1: Dimensioning (VC -> VP) T2: Reverse Computing
to fix the geometrical variables Range = f(MachNo) T2: Reverse Computing MachNo = f(Range) T3:Parametric Study Range=f(Swl) FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

12 Titre du document T1 H = 5000 some general and performance requirements are fixed the geometry is not fixed the description is under-constrained; we want to fix the geometrical parameters then compute an air range (km) for a given cruise mach number (MachNo) FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94 Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.

13 T2 H = 5000, Range = 3496 Titre du document H and Range are fixed
We search for MachNo after a step of propagation the Domain of MachNo is reduced after a step of resolution, 2 solutions are found FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94 Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.

14 T3 Titre du document sensibility to swl
Range is decreasing when Swl is increasing detection of unfeasible region : no solution for Swl  53 FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94 Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.

15 Results T1 is OK T2 is OK but not very efficient
Titre du document Results T1 is OK T2 is OK but not very efficient T3 is OK however parametric study is to automate The time required to find the 2 solutions is longer than the time required to make a parametric study with a classical numerical method (GRG2) FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94 Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.

16 reverse calculus vs direct parametric study
FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

17 Revised version A correct Interval Arithmetic Library implemented on a robust floating point library (Gaol F. Goualard 2000) A new propagation architecture implementing up-to-date consistency algorithms (L. Granvilliers & M. Christie) Some specialised solving strategies parametric studies optimisation (min, iterative approximating S. Preswitch 99) FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

18 Titre du document Pressure Device Design
Second Case-Study Pressure Device Design Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.

19 Purpose Design of a Pressure device Pressure 2,5 Bar Stiffened Plate
Stiffener Plate Pressure 2,5 Bar FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

20 Design problem of a stiffened plate
Design variables Thickness of the plate Type of stiffeners, Type of material, number of longitudinal and lateral stiffeners ny nx type de raidisseur h Design challenge Increasing the mechanical resistance without decreasing the cost of the resulting product FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

21 Constraint Formulation
Not only analytical functions ! Like: Cost models Use of components of the shelf A global physical model of the behaviour of the plate FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

22 Cost models Need of a trigger mechanism to express
(*******************************************************************) (* Définition du process de fabrication *) (* Temps de Découpe de la tôle *) h<=8E-3 -> T1=1/2; h>8E-3 -> T1=(1/2)*(L1+L2); T1>0; (* Cassure des raidisseurs *) hauteur<=1E-2 -> T2=ny*(nx+1)/20; hauteur>1E-2 -> T2=ny*(nx+1)/10; T2>0; Need of a trigger mechanism to express Experience or Business rules FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

23 Components of the shelf
IPE80 à IPE600 Carrés22 à carrés200 Catalogue of stiffeners Steel, Iron, Iron cast, Titanium .. Catalogue of materials FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

24 Catalogues Titre du document FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94
Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.

25 Global Physical Model Finite Elements Model FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

26 Approximation by a set of analytical functions
Global Physical Model Casebase Learning Approximation by a set of analytical functions FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

27 Feedback The case study has been processed
The processing of non analytical knowledge is not easy : Finite Elements models Interpolation tables existing programs .. It is a real bottleneck for ICP FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

28 And Now we are working on an industrial case study
Titre du document And Now we are working on an industrial case study An Aircraft Air Conditioning System Design Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.

29 Half closed motorised Air conditioning cycle
FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

30 Close/Half-Close Cycle Design
Atmosphere Cabin Main Heat Exchanger Turbine Turbo reactor motor Compressor Pre-cooling Heat Exchanger switch on Atmosphere FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

31 Schéma d’architecture global du SCA
T7 entre –40 °C et 71 °C Section d’ entrée Ai Ouvert Fermé FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

32 Variability in the Design Problem
Possible free parameters: Motor Power Ram Air section Heat exchangers characteristics Design is hard FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

33 Cross-Flow Heat Exchangers
Titre du document Cross-Flow Heat Exchangers Lx MAIN AIR RAM AIR Lz Ly FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94 Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.

34 Dimensioning Heat Exchangers
Lx, Ly, Lz Type of Exchange Surfaces different types different properties (5) Type of Exchangers Cross-Flow, Multi-pass ... FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

35 equations FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

36 State Space Configuration
Altitude 16500 m M=0.6 7500 m M=0.65 6000 m M=0.3 3000 m M=0.6 Temps FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

37 Partial results We are able to dimension the ACS in a given configuration if we enlarge the search space: type of exchange surfaces type of exchangers number of configurations then we address a problem currently out of scope FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

38 Conclusion A lot of research effort remain to do if we want to fully address the field of Design Interesting themes : Hard mixed integer and real non linear problems Large search spaces of numerical underconstraint problems Decision Support FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94

39 Decision Support Model of soft flexible interval constraints
Titre du document Decision Support Model of soft flexible interval constraints Easy and relevant engineer ’s preferences expression Automatic generation of Pareto Frontier Aspects décisionnels mise en place : d'un modèle de contraintes flexibles d'un moyen d'expression approchée des préférences de l'utilisateur à l'aide de courbes linéaires par morceaux ou de courbes de Béziers décrites graphiquement application à la génération de frontières de Pareto à l'aide d'opérateurs d'agrégation du cadre des Contraintes Flexibles. Montre le pont possible avec ces techniques décisionnelles en R.O. FJCP WORKSHOP 25-27/10/94 Ce document est la propriété intellectuelle de DASSAULT AVIATION. Il ne peut être utilisé, reproduit, modifié ou communiqué sans son autorisation. DASSAULT AVIATION Proprietary Data.


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