1. Chapter 11 B-Cell Generation, Activation, and Differentiation

2. 本章大綱 : 1. B-Cell Maturation 2. B-Cell Activation and Proliferation 3. The Humoral Response 4. In Vivo Studies for Induction of Humoral Response 5. Germinal Centers and Antigen-Induced B-Cell Differentiation 6. Regulation of B-Cell Development 7. Regulation of the Immune Effector Response

3. B-Cell Maturation

4. Overview of B-cell Development Sites of B-cell maturation – before birth: yolk sac fetal liver fetal bone marrow after birth: bone marrow

5. Bone-Marrow Stromal Cells Are Required for Maturation of Progenitor B Cells into Precursor B Cells Direct contact is required

6. Sequence of Events and Characteristics of the Stages in B Cell Maturation in the Bone Marrow

7. Pre-B Cell Receptor Heavy chain:  Chain Surrogate light chain: VpreB and 5 Ig  /Ig 

8. Sequential Expression of Membrane Ig and Surrogate Light Chain at Different Stages of B-Cell Differentiation in the Bone Marrow

9. Experimental Evidence for Negative Selection of Self- Reactive B Cells During Maturation in the Bone Marrow

11. B-Cell Activation and Proliferation

13. Two Distinct Signals for B-Cell Activation

14. The Initial Stages of Signal Transduction by an Activated B-Cell Receptor (BCR)

15. Signal Transduction Pathways Activated by the BCR

16. BCR Complex: TAPA-1 (CD81), CD2 (CD21), and CD19

17. Sequence of Events in B-Cell Activation by a Thymus-Dependent Ag

18. Initial Contact between a T Cell and B Cell a T-B Conjugate

19. Clonal Anergy in Mature Peripheral B Cells Production of double-transgenic mice carrying transgenes encoding HEL and anti-HEL Ab:

20. FACS Analysis of Peripheral B Cells that Bind HEL Compared with Membrane IgM Level:

22. Clonal Deletion of Self-Reactive Mature Peripheral B Cells Production of double-transgenic mice expressing the class I K b molecule and anti-K b Ab:

23. FACS analysis of bone marrow and peripheral (lymph node) B cells for K b binding versus mIgM:

24. Concentration and Isotype of Serum Ab Following Primary (1° ) and Secondary (2 ° ) Immunization with Ag

27. Hapten-Primed and Carrier-Primed Cells Are Separate Populations

30. A Peripheral Lymph Node

31. Cellular Events within Secondary Follicles of Peripheral Lymph Nodes

34. The Frequency of Somatic Hypermutation Decreases with the Distance from the Rearranged V(D)J Gene

35. Interactions of Numerous Cytokines with B Cells Generate Signals Required for proliferation and Class Switching During the Differentiation of B Cells into Plasma Cells

38. The End

42. Clonal Anergy in Mature Peripheral B Cells