1. 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 200 300 400 500 100 Food and EnergyHealthy Eating The Digestive Process Begins Final Digestion and Absorption Dissection or Mixed Bag

2. This nutrient is the most important to the body because all of the body’s vital processes occur in it. 100

3. water 100

4. Which one of the six groups of nutrients provides us with the most energy? 200

5. fats 200

6. Explain the difference between a calorie and a Calorie. 300

7. A calorie is the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree Celsius. A Calorie is 1,000 calories and is used to measure energy in foods. 300

8. What category of vitamin must you include in your diet every day? 400

9. water-soluble vitamin 400

10. Why are proteins from plant sources called incomplete proteins? What are they missing? 500

11. They are missing one or more essential amino acid. 500

12. Food labels give nutritional information based upon how many Calories per day? 100

13. 2,000 Calories per day 100

14. 200 What three things does the USDA Food Pyramid need to know in order to give you a personalized healthy food guide?

15. age gender physical activity 200

16. Name the six food groups listed on the USDA Food Pyramid. 300

17. grains vegetables fruits oils milk meat and beans

18. A food label shows the number of total Calories along with the number of Calories that come from what nutrient? 400

19. fat 400

20. What part of the food label shows how the nutritional content of one serving fits into the daily recommended diet for a person? 500

21. Percent Daily Value

22. What are the two types of digestion? 100

23. mechanical and chemical 100

24. What is the muscular tube that connects the mouth to the stomach called? 200

25. esophagus 200

26. What are the involuntary waves of muscle contraction called that occur in the esophagus, stomach and other areas of the digestive system? 300

27. peristalsis 300

28. What are the two components of digestive juice? 400

29. pepsin and hydrochloric acid 400

30. 500 What substance do the cells in the stomach produce to protect the stomach lining?

31. 500 mucus

32. Where in the digestive system does nearly all of the chemical digestion take place? 100

33. small intestine 100

34. What are the millions of tiny finger-shaped structures that absorb nutrient molecules called? Where are they found? 200

35. villi (villus – singular) They are found in the small intestine. 200

36. What is the function of bile? 300

37. Bile physically breaks up fat particles into smaller fat droplets so they can next be broken down by enzymes produced in the pancreas. 300

38. What major role does the pancreas play in digestion? 400

39. The pancreas produces enzymes that flow into the small intestine and help to break down starches, proteins, and fats. 400

40. In what part of the digestive system is Vitamin K produced? How is it produced? 500

41. large intestine The large intestine contains bacteria that produce certain vitamins, such as Vitamin K. 500

42. What is absorption? Why is it important? 100

43. Absorption is the process of passing nutrients through the walls of the digestive system into the bloodstream. Absorption is important in transporting nutrients to all the parts of the body. 100

44. What was the largest (non-hollow) organ found inside the body? 200

45. liver 200

46. Suppose that a person eats 2,000 Calories in one day. Of those Calories, 400 are from fat. What percentage of the person’s Calories are from fats? 300

47. 20% of the Calories are from fat. 400 2000 300 x 100

48. The small intestine is tightly packed in the abdominal cavity by a thin connective tissue called the ________________. 400

49. mesentery 400

50. Why does a chewed up Saltine cracker breakdown starch into glucose more quickly than a hand- crumbled Saltine cracker? 500

51. Saliva produces an enzyme called amylase that breaks down starch into glucose. 500

52. FINAL JEOPARDY The Digestive System

53. List the progressive order of the following terms from start to end of digestion: villi, rectum, pepsin, incisor, epiglottis, water absorption, salivary gland

54. incisor salivary gland epiglottis pepsin villi water absorption rectum