4. Body composed of repeating segments divided by septa Closed circulatory system with pumping vessels Hydoskeleton skeleton Class Oligochaeta - earthworms no true head but has an anterior brain - no sense organs, no respiratory system, 5 pairs of aortic arches with arteries, blood, paired nephridia Each segment contains elements of circulatory, digestive, excretory and nervous systems Each worm contains male & female parts Phylum Annelida - segmented worms

5. Giant Australian Earthworm

6. lumbricus earthworms and other worms live in terrestrial or freshwater environments lack the bristles that allow movement and increase surface area Hermaphroditic-neither male nor female Second largest group Examples: Aeolosoma, Allolobophora, Chaetogaster, Eisenia, Enchytraeus, Lumbricus, Stylaria, Tubifex

7. Ringlike body parts No head Range from 1 mm to 3M

11. http://www.urbanext.uiuc.ed u/worms/history/index.htmlhttp://www.urbanext.uiuc.ed u/worms/history/index.html

13. The inside scoop

14. worm farmers

15. Class Hirudinea - Leeches Flattened body with suckers 34 body segments - no setae muscular pharynx with three jaws

16. Class Polychaeta - Many haired worms Fan worms, ragworms, lugworms & sea mouse Marine, live in mud, rocks & sand. Many have gills which serve as extensions for gas exchange Separate sexes and external fertilization

17. freshwater, terrestrial and marine leeches About 500 species of leeches Examples: Acanthobdella, Glossiphonia, Haemadipsa, Haemopsis, Hirudo, Malacobdella, Placobdella

18. Class Polychaeta - Many haired worms Marine, well formed head with ocelli and statocyst Clam Worms

19. Class Polychaeta - Many haired worms Fan Worm Nereid

20. Mostly marine worms, Of the approximately 9000 species of annelids, more than 8000 are Polychaetes. The largest and the most diverse of the Annelid groups less than a millimeter to more than 2 meters in length Examples: Amphitrite, Aphrodite, Arenicola ("lug worm"), Chaetopterus, Clymenella, Diopatra, Eudistyllia ("feather-duster worm"), Eunice, ("palolo worm"), Glycera, Hydroides, Lepidonotus, Nereis (= Neanthes), Odontosyllis ("fireworm"), Polygordius, Sabella, Serpula, Spirobranchus ("Christmas-tree worm"), Spirorbis Arenicola (“lugworm”) Nereis Aphrodite (sea mouse) nereis

22. INTRODUCTION Over 50,000 species Snails, clams, mussels, squids, octopus Bilaterally symmetrical True coelom formed by splitting embryonic mesodermal masses Most species are strongly cephalized

23. CONTINUE…… Body has more than two cell layers, tissues and organs Body possesses a through gut with mouth and anus Body may possess a dorsal or lateral shells of protein Has a nervous system with a circum-oesophagal ring, ganglia and paired nerve chords Has gaseous exchange organs called ctenidial gills. Has a pair of kidneys. Reproduction normally sexual Feed a wide range of material. Live in most environments.

24. BODY PARTS CEPHALIZED- they have a well-developed head, in which is located a mouth and a concentration of nervous and sensory functions MANTLE- –This sheath of tissue is formed from the dorsal body wall – It surrounds the mantle cavity, which houses the gills or lungs if they are present, and its surface may assist in gas exchange RADULA -rasping organ used in feeding –Toothed, and complex structure Used for scraping, tearing, stabbing, and cutting Unsegmented soft body Most have internal or external shell Have a mantle (fold in the body wall that lines the shell) Muscular foot and/or tentacles

25. SYSTEMS OPEN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM- –Complete with a heart, blood vessels, respiratory pigments NERVOUS SYSTEM- –Ganglia, and system of nerves

26. Phylum Mollusca - “soft-bodied” complete digestion, open circulatory with a heart, breathe with feathery gills or primitive lung muscular foot, fleshy mantle, protective external shell, feed with a scraping organ called a radula Class Amphineura - chitons Shell of eight plates, reduced head with one muscular foot - roll into ball for protection Class Gastropoda - snails coiled shell, marine, freshwater and terrestrial

27. Class Bivalvia - clams, oysters, scallops & mussels 3 shell layers, filter feeders - incurrent & excurrent siphons digestive gland foot used for locomotion, burrowing & sensory Class Cephalopoda - squids, octopus, cuttlefish & nautilus Head surrounded by tentacles usually with suckers Locomotion from jet propulsion using siphon Large eyes and mouth sometimes with beak Circulatory system begins closed but is open ended

29. CLASS BIVALVIA (pelecypoda) Approx. 8,000 living species found Clams, mussels, scallops, oysters, Laterally compressed animals, 2 shell “valves” that are hinged on the animal’s dorsal surface Found mostly in marine environment- intertidal zone to deepest ocean

34. Pearls come form Oysters

35. CLASS CEPHALOPODA Approx. 650 living species are active swimmers These species are the largest known invertebrates Squid and octopus Giant squid with tentacles found was up to 20 meters long External shells, internal hard shells Bilaterally symmetrical Cytrosomes with a U- or J- shaped gut, fused head foot system and advanced eyes

42. Internal view of a Nautilus

44. CLASS GASTROPODA Approx. 40,000 living species have shells Most successful group Some have reduced or inner shells or no shell at all (spirally coiled shells) Wide range of habitat Shelled forms are called “SNAILS” Without shells are called “SLUGS” Most of the species are marine habitats but as well as land Some are found in freshwater and terrestrial environment Well developed head, bearing eyes and tentacles, and feet are flattened to a creeping sole

45. Moon snail chasing a cockle

47. Shelled Gastropod

48. Class Amphinerua Approx. 600 species Chitons Consist of 7 or 8 dorsal shell plates Oval shaped radulate mollusc with a large, muscular foot and eight chevron shaped plates embedded in a spiculate girdle

52. HUMAN INTERACTIONS PETS THEY ARE EATEN GOOD AT HARVESTING BIOMASS FOR BIOFILM TRAP VIRAL PARTICLES WITH THEIR TENTICLES

53. Kingdom Anamalia - The Higher Invertebrates Phylum Echinodermata common traits: radial symmetry regenerate most body parts bony ossicles in their body water-vascular system - pumps water out the madroporite and supports small jaws tube feet - attach to objects for protection and gathering food

54. Kingdom Animalia - The Higher Invertebrates Class Asteroidea - Starfish or Sea Stars Developed sense of smell, touch & taste. Also respond to light Eat prey whole or extrude their stomach to digest larger prey

56. Kingdom Animalia - The Higher Invertebrates Class Ophiuroidea – Brittle Stars – 2,000 species ● found at the muddy bottom of tropical oceans ● central disc with free-moving arms ● eat decaying matter and microscopic organisims

58. Kingdom Animalia - The Higher Invertebrates Class Echinoidea – Sea Urchins ● Locomote with long moveable spines ● Free moving skeleton of fused plates – no arms ● Between spines are small pincers called pedicellariae – cleaning and defense (contain toxin)

59. Sea Urchins

60. Kingdom Animalia - The Higher Invertebrates Class Holothuroidea – Sea Cucumbers Free-moving body with mouth at one end of long body Tube feet and modified tentacles Reduced skeleton

61. Kingdom Animalia - The Higher Invertebrates Class Crinoidea – Sea Lilies or Feather Stars Branched arms with ciliated tube feet for feeding Will swim when disturbed

63. Kingdom Animalia - The Higher Invertebrates Phylum Arthropoda - segmented animals with jointed exoskeleton Class Arachnida - spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites body has 1-2 main parts, 6 pairs of appendages Class Crustacea - shrimp, krill, lobster, crab, barnacles body has 2-3 main parts, 2 pairs of antennae, chewing mouthparts, 3 or more pairs of legs usually a larvae stage

65. Some kids find that a rhinoceros roach makes a cute and cuddly pet.

69. Kingdom Animalia - The Higher Invertebrates Class Chilopoda - Centipedes distinct head with antenna and chewing mouth, poison claws on first segment remaining segments contain walking legs Class Diplopoda - millipedes two pairs of legs per segment and a single skeletal plate covering segments grouped in twos

74. Kingdom Animalia – The Higher Invertebrates Class Insecta - 700,000 species body divided into - head, thorax & abdomen one pair of antenna, usually 2 sets of wings and 3 pairs of legs

75. When young cicada nymphs hatch from their eggs, they dig themselves into the ground to suck the liquids of plant roots. They spend several early life stages in these underground burrows before surfacing as adults. The process varies in length but often takes a number of years.

77. 1.Female lays eggs and dies soon after. Eggs hatch. 2. Bugs or 'nymphs' drop to the ground 3. Nymphs live underground feeding on tree roots 4. After 17 years, nymphs tunnel to surface, crawl up trees and shed skins to become adults 5. Adults mate during May and June of 17th year

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81. Cicada Nymph

84. Cicada shell

86. Cicadas are probably best known for their buzzing and clicking noises, which can be amplified by multitudes of insects into an overpowering hum. Males produce this species-specific noise with vibrating membranes on their abdomens. The sounds vary widely and some species are more musical than others. Though cicada noises may sound alike to humans, the insects use different calls to express alarm or attract mates.

87. 17 – year cycle Cicadas are also famous for their penchant for disappearing entirely for many years, only to reappear in force at a regular interval. There are some 3,000 cicada species, but only some share this behavior (the 17-year cicada is an example). Others are called annuals because, although individuals have multi-year lifecycles, some adults appear every year. The dog day cicada, for example, emerges each year in mid-summer.