1. Understanding Computers Ch.71 Chapter 7 Application Software

2. Understanding Computers Ch.72 Learning Objectives Describe what application software is and the different types, ownership rights, and delivery methods available. Detail some characteristics of a software suite and some ways of getting help with a software program. Discuss word processing and identify the basic operations involved in creating, editing, and formatting documents. Explain the purpose of spreadsheet software and identify the basic operations involved in creating, editing, and formatting worksheets.

3. Understanding Computers Ch.73 Learning Objectives, Cont’d. Identify some of the vocabulary used with database software and discuss the basic operations involved with creating, editing, and retrieving information from a database. Describe what presentation graphics are and how they are created.

4. Understanding Computers Ch.74 Overview This chapter covers: Basic characteristics and concepts of application software in general A look at a variety of types of application software, including: Word processing Spreadsheet Database Presentation graphics

5. Understanding Computers Ch.75 The Basics of Application Software Types of application software Word processing software Spreadsheet software Database software Presentation graphics software

6. Understanding Computers Ch.76 Ownership Rights and Delivery Methods Rights of software use determined by the type of software and the conditions of the software license.

7. Understanding Computers Ch.77 Ownership Rights and Delivery Methods Common types of software: Commercial software—developed and sold for a profit. Shareware—available free of charge for trial purposes; can usually be copied and given away to others for them to try. Freeware—can be used, copied, and shared with others without charge. Public domain software—non-copyrighted software that can be used without restriction.

8. Understanding Computers Ch.78 Installed Software vs. Web-based Software Installed software—installed on the PC before it can be run (most software today). Can be bought in physical form or downloaded via the Internet. Web-based software—can only be accessed through the Internet, such as through an application service provider (ASP).

9. Understanding Computers Ch.79 Software Suites Related software programs are often sold bundled together in software suites. Common office-oriented suites are Microsoft Office, Corel WordPerfect Office, Lotus SmartSuite, and Sun StarOffice. Advantages include overall lower cost (versus buying the programs separately) and a common interface and set of commands.

10. Understanding Computers Ch.710 Object Linking and Embedding (OLE) Objects created in one program can be inserted into documents in other programs. Embedding—object is just copied to the second document. Linking—object is linked to the original copy, so any changes to the original object are displayed in the second document.

11. Understanding Computers Ch.711 Desktop vs. Handheld PC Software Require specially designed application software. Some handheld PC programs can exchange data with their desktop PC counterparts.

12. Understanding Computers Ch.712 Getting Help Application-based help—within a program, such as Windows, Word, or TurboTax. Table of contents feature Index feature Search feature Web-based help—via software manufacturer Web sites, online tutorials, and discussion groups. Offline help—books, periodicals, videos, etc.

13. Understanding Computers Ch.713 Word Processing Concepts Word processing—using a computer and word processing software to create, manipulate, and print text materials such as letters, legal contracts, manuscripts, and other documents. Microsoft Word Corel WordPerfect Lotus WordPro Advantages include being able to save and retrieve the document, as well as include graphics, formatted text, hyperlinks, videos, and other features.

14. Understanding Computers Ch.714 Creating and Editing a Word Processing Document Scrolling and moving the insertion point. Editing text—inserting or deleting characters; moving or copying text. Line breaks and paragraph breaks (let the computer perform word wrap within a paragraph). Editing tools, such as spellcheckers and grammar checkers are often available.

15. Understanding Computers Ch.715 Formatting a Document Character formatting (font face, font size, and font style). Paragraph formatting (line spacing, left and right margins, tabs, alignment, and styles). Page and document formatting (paper size, orientation, headers, footers, top and bottom margins, etc.).

16. Understanding Computers Ch.716 Graphics, Tables, and Templates Most word processors allow insertion of graphics, (e.g. clip art, photographs, and drawn objects) into documents. Tables can be used to neatly organize data. Templates and wizards can help users quickly create standard documents.

17. Understanding Computers Ch.717 Word Processing and the Web Most recent word processors include features to: Save documents as Web pages. Open and edit existing Web pages. Include hyperlinks in documents. Compose and send e-mail messages.

18. Understanding Computers Ch.718 Spreadsheet Concepts Spreadsheet—a document containing values and other data organized into rows and columns; created with spreadsheet software. Microsoft Excel Corel Quattro Pro Lotus 1-2-3 Worksheet = a single spreadsheet. Workbook = a group of worksheets saved in a single file.

19. Understanding Computers Ch.719 Creating and Editing a Worksheet Data is entered into cells (where rows and columns meet). Cells are identified by their cell address, such as A1 or E5. Cells can contain: Labels Constant values Formulas Functions

20. Understanding Computers Ch.720 Creating and Editing a Worksheet, Cont’d. Entering labels and constant values. Entering formulas and functions. Begin with the appropriate symbol (= or @). Use the addresses of the numbers in the formula, not the numbers themselves. Enter the formula into the cell where the result of the formula should be displayed.

21. Understanding Computers Ch.721 Creating and Editing a Worksheet, Cont’d. Editing the contents of a cell. Inserting and deleting rows or columns. Moving and copying cells. Relative vs. absolute cell referencing. Relative—cell addresses are adjusted as the formula is copied. Absolute—cell addresses are not adjusted as the formula is copied.

22. Understanding Computers Ch.722 Formatting a Worksheet Cell formatting (font face, font size, font style, alignment, and numeric format). Row or column formatting (row height, column width). Worksheet formatting (paper size, orientation, headers, footers, margins, etc.).

23. Understanding Computers Ch.723 Charts and What-If Analysis A charting or graphing feature allows charts to be quickly created from spreadsheet data. What-if analysis allows you to change certain numbers on a spreadsheet and look at the results of that change.

24. Understanding Computers Ch.724 Spreadsheets and the Web Many spreadsheet programs include some Web capabilities, such as being able to save a worksheet as a Web page and include hyperlinks in worksheet cells. More commonly, blocks of cells on a spreadsheet are copied into Web pages.

25. Understanding Computers Ch.725 Database Concepts Database—a collection of data that is stored and organized in a manner that enables information to be retrieved as needed. Database software is used to create, maintain, and organize data in a computer-based database. Most PC-based databases are organized into fields (columns), records (rows), and tables. Microsoft Access Corel Paradox Lotus Approach

27. Understanding Computers Ch.727 Creating a Database Databases can contain a variety of objects (tables, queries, forms, reports, etc.). The table structure is created first and given a table name. Field name Data type Other properties After the table structure is complete, data can be entered into the table.

28. Understanding Computers Ch.728 Modifying a Database Design view is used to create or change the table structure (add a new field, change a field property, etc.). Table (Datasheet) view or a form can be used to add, edit, or delete table data. Objects such as forms, queries, and reports can be created to be used with the table, as needed.

29. Understanding Computers Ch.729 Queries and Reports Queries are questions used to retrieve information from a database. Queries contain criteria to specify the records and fields to be included in the query results. Queries are named and saved so they can be run again at a later time. Reports are created when a more formal printout is desired.

30. Understanding Computers Ch.730 Databases and the Web Once a database is created, it can be linked to a Web site, if needed. Many Web sites use a database to keep track of inventory and allow individuals to search for or order products via the Web site. Search sites also utilize a database.

31. Understanding Computers Ch.731 Presentation Graphics Concepts Presentation graphics — an image designed to visually enhance a presentation. Often take the form of electronic slides (like this one) and created with presentation graphics software. Microsoft PowerPoint Corel Presentations Lotus Freelance Graphics

32. Understanding Computers Ch.732 Creating a Presentation Individual slides are typically created and can either be printed or used in electronic slide shows. Text can be formatted and toolbar buttons can be used to insert clip art, photographs, video clips, audio clips, etc. Different types of charts (bar, pie, line, text, organizational) are also available.

33. Understanding Computers Ch.733 Enhancing and Finishing a Presentation Animation—animated elements (text, images, etc.) on the slide. Transitions—animation that occurs between slides. Slide order can be rearranged as needed and then the slide show can be run. Typically, options are available to print slides or speaker notes, if needed.

34. Understanding Computers Ch.734 Presentation Graphics and the Web Presentation graphics programs can be used to create Web pages. Slides can contain hyperlinks. Slide shows are often available through the Web.

35. Understanding Computers Ch.735 Summary Basics of application software Word processing concepts Spreadsheet concepts Database concepts Presentation graphics concepts