3. DIFFERENCES BULLYING DIRECT Occurs on school property Poor relationships with teachers Fear retribution Physical: Hitting, Punching & Shoving Verbal: Teasing, Name calling & Gossip Nonverbal: Use of gestures & Exclusion www.stopbullyingnow.hrsa.gov CYBERBULLYING ANONYMOUS Occurs off school property Good relationships with teachers Fear loss of technology privileges Further under the radar than bullying Emotional reactions cannot be determined {McKenna & Bargh, 2004; Ybarra & Mitchell, 2004} From ‘Demystifying and Deescalating Cyber Bullying’ by Barbara Trolley, Ph.D. CRC, Connie Hanel, M.S.E.d & Linda Shields, M.S.E.d. http://www.nyssca.org/CYBERBULLYING-pp-BT28th.ppt http://www.nyssca.org/CYBERBULLYING-pp-BT28th.ppt

4. What is Cyberbullying? Cyberbullying involves the use of information and communication technologies such as email, cell phone and pager text messages, instant messaging (IM), defamatory personal web sites, and defamatory online personal polling web sites, to support deliberate, repeated, and hostile behavior by an individual or group, that is intended to harm others (Keith & Martin, 2004).

5. Recently, i-SAFE America conducted a national survey of more than 1500 students -ranging from fourth to eighth grade.

7. iSafe Survey 58% of kids admit someone has said mean or hurtful things to them online 53% of kids admit having said something mean or hurtful things to another online 42% of kids have been bullied while online 34% were threatened

8. CYBER BULLYING PREVALENCE Aftab’s statistics:  90% of middle school students they polled had their feelings hurt online  65% of their students between 8-14 have been involved directly or indirectly in a cyber bullying incident as the cyber bully, victim or friend  50% had seen or heard of a website bashing of another student  75% had visited a website bashing  40% had their password stolen and changed by a bully (locking them out of their own account) or sent communications posing as them  Problems in studies: not assessing the ‘real thing’ i.e. Only 15% of parent polled knew what cyber bullying was

9. CYBER BULLYING PREVALENCE Cyber bullying typically starts at about 9 years of age and usually ends after 14 years of age; after 14, it becomes cyber or sexual harassment due to nature of acts and age of actors (Aftab) Affects 65-85% of kids in the core group directly or indirectly through close friends (Aftab) http://www.aftab.com/

10. When Joanne had a row with a longtime friend last year, she had no idea it would spill into cyberspace. But what started as a spat at a teenage sleepover swiftly escalated into a three-month harangue of threatening e-mails and defacement of her weblog. "It was a non- stop nightmare," says Joanne, 14, a freshman at a private high school in Southern California. "I dreaded going on my computer."

11. "If I find you, I will beat you up," one message read. Frightened, Michael blocked their IM addresses but didn't tell his parents for two weeks. "It scared me," he recalls. "It was the first time I was bullied." At one Elementary School in Fairfax, Va. last year, sixth-grade students conducted an online poll to determine the ugliest classmate, school officials say.

12. "The person was pretending it was me, and using it to call people names," the 14-year-old Seattle student said. "I never found out who it was." In June 2003 a twelve-year-old Japanese girl killed her classmate because she was angry about messages that had been posted about her on the Internet.

13. Canadian teenager David Knight’s life became hell when a group of his school mates established a “Hate David Knight” website and posted denigrating pictures and abuse and invited the global community to join in the hate campaign.

14. Why Use Technology to Bully? Anonymity Rapid deployment and dissemination Immediate Rich medium Natural

15. How Do People Cyberbully Others? Exclusion Outing Polling Stalking Libel Blackmail Flaming E-mail Websites Piling” via IM Impersonation

16. What is the Impact of Cyberbullying? Psychological, physical, and emotional depression, anxiety, anger, school failure, school avoidance, suicide, and school violence Role modeling for others which increases likelihood of increased bullying

17. What is the Impact of Cyberbullying? Legal consequences for school and families (slander, defamation, terroristic threats, sexual exploitation, etc.) Family Complications Very difficult to take back once it begins. Antithetical to the overall school mission

18. NBC-2 Story About CyberBullying

19. “Bullycide”

20. CYBER BULLY CATEGORIES “Inadvertent” –Role-play –Responding –May not realize it’s cyber bullying “Vengeful Angel” –Righting wrongs –Protecting themselves “Mean Girls” –Bored; Entertainment –Ego based; promote own social status –Often do in a group –Intimidate on and off line –Need others to bully; if isolated, stop “ Power-Hungry ”  Want reaction  Controlling with fear “ Revenge of the Nerds ” (“Subset of Power-Hungry”)  Often Victims of school-yard bullies  Throw ‘cyber-weight’ around  Not school-yard bullies like Power-Hungry & Mean Girls {Parry Aftab. Esq., Executive Director, WiredSafety.org}

22. What Educators Can Do … Conduct a needs/threat assessment Review school policy Provide opportunities for professional development of school staff (and parents). Classroom guidance System of reporting (especially among peers) Work with authorities and ISP Counseling Anti-bullying programs

23. What Parents Can Do Keep computer in a place easy to monitor Use monitoring software and/or blocking/filtering Work with the school, authorities, and ISP Get tech literate Communicate with children about the issue Programmable cell phones Support the victims –Don’t blame the victim –Don’t freak out

24. Advantages of using Peers power of peer influencepower of peer influence legitimizing the issue of harassmentlegitimizing the issue of harassment less hampered by institutional concernsless hampered by institutional concerns mobilize other studentsmobilize other students

25. Advantages of using Peers Help pick training materialsHelp pick training materials Peers are often more accessible and availablePeers are often more accessible and available As activists, they can alert educators, teachers, and administrators to concernsAs activists, they can alert educators, teachers, and administrators to concerns most reporting takes place on a peer-to-peer basismost reporting takes place on a peer-to-peer basis

26. What Kids Can Do …

27. What We Can ALL Do …

28. Resources Online column about cyberbullying (http://www.schoolcounselor.com/pubs/cyberbull ying-sabella.doc)http://www.schoolcounselor.com/pubs/cyberbull ying-sabella.doc http://cyberbully.org/ –Parent’s guide –Educators guide more! –News reports –National Alliance for Safe Schools http://www.safeschools.org/ http://www.safeschools.org/ Provides training, technical assistance, and publications to school districts interested in reducing school based crime and violence.

29. Resources National Education Association’s National Bullying Awareness Campaign http://www.nea.org/issues/safescho/bullying http://www.nea.org/issues/safescho/bullying National School Safety Center http://www.nssc1.org/http://www.nssc1.org/ –Provides training, technical assistance, and resources on school safety and school crime prevention; offers training films on various issues; conducts national public service campaigns. The Olweus Bullying Prevention Program http://modelprograms.samhsa.gov/pdfs/FactSheets/Olweus%20Bull y.pdf http://modelprograms.samhsa.gov/pdfs/FactSheets/Olweus%20Bull y.pdf –A model program of the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The program is a multilevel, multi-component school-based program designed to prevent or reduce bullying in elementary, middle, and junior high schools. http://www.stopbullyingnow.com/

30. Resources http://www.stopcyberbullying.org/ Play Shrink the Cyberbully and help Patrice beat her bully! http://www.netsmartz.org/ http://www.staysafe.org/

32. http://www.internetsuperheroes.org/

33. http://www.doe.state.in.us/sservices/pdf/bully_manual.pdf