1. ECMA-383 Kevin Fisher, Convenor Ecma TC38-TG2 Representing BSI UK Employee Intel Corp Rue du Rhône 114- CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org

2. Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 2 Agenda Background / History ECMA-383 1 st edition (Plan A) Issues with Plan A Plan B proposal Challenges with Plan B

3. Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 3 Background and History Ecma International: an industry association founded in 1961, dedicated to standardization of ICT & CE products http://www.ecma-international.org/ Organisation membership from Asia, Europe and America Companies, Research institutes, Single person companies 2003: Ecma issued the worlds first environmentally conscious design standard (ECMA-341) Aimed at the designer, provides pragmatic advice on how to reduce the environmental footprint of an ICT/CE product at the design stage. ECMA-341 now available as IEC 62075. Neither of these standards provide energy measurement criteria

4. Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 4 Ecma TC38-TG2 In Q4/05, Ecma set up Task Group 2 within Technical Committee 38 to create energy [efficiency] standards Initial scope was desktop and notebook computers Kevin Fisher of Intel is the convenor In order to ensure maximum transparency and a wide adoption of the work, Ecma agreed to the participation of non-Ecma member companies Participants include: IBM, HP, Dell, Toshiba, Gateway, Sony Apple, Microsoft, Novell Lexmark, Ricoh, Océ Intel, AMD, nVidia, VIA technologies Ecos, ICF, ITI, LBNL, Terra Novum Observers include: EPA (US), EC (EU), CSC (China)

5. Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 5 Energy environment for Computers Voluntary and regulatory Energy Star, TopRunner, EuP Lot 6 etc. IEC 62301 exists today for measuring off mode. The goal for Ecma TC38-TG2 was from the outset to determine a more holistic approach to measuring energy [efficiency] of computers.

6. Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 6 Plan A Ecma TC38-TG2 embarked on Plan A Three vectors required: Energy consumption (annualised) Capabilities Performance Require a benchmark to: measure performance enumerate capabilities run workloads for measuring Active energy consumption Require a set of criteria for compliant benchmarks

7. Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 7 Rational for the 3 vectors in Plan A

8. Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 8 Measuring Energy, Performance and Capabilities Classifications: Computer type: Notebook or Desktop Workloads: Office productivity or Media Rich (others such as 3D or HD to be defined) Duty cycle: How long is the machine doing work vs. idle or sleep? Two key vectors: Power and Time Historical emphasis has been on Power. The new concept was to place more emphasis on Time.

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10. Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 10 Summary of the 1 st edition ECMA-383 Initial focus on Desktop and Portable Computers Provides a consistent test methodology and reporting structure In support of the standard a benchmark is required Three components: UUT workload classification: Rich media or office productivity Performance and capability measurement Energy consumption per workload and defined duty cycle

11. Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 11 Benchmark Criteria The 1st edition of the Ecma Standard does not specify THE benchmark. It provides criteria that a self declared benchmark must comply with Criteria for a benchmark that can be self declared by its developer to be used in support of the Ecma Standard: ECMA-383 1st Edition A benchmark developer would self declare compliance, inform Ecma who would add a link to their benchmark on the Ecma web site. ECMA-383 provides the relevant Ecma urls

12. Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 12 Problems with Plan A The link with a benchmark has been problematic Criteria for BM compliance complicated Approval process open to criticism Overheads to run the standard and benchmark high Costs associated with BM purchase and renewal Test time in excess of 1 hour Performance vector complicated How do you define Performance? Difficulty in reaching agreement on performance measurement vector (e.g. the benchmark score) Performance benchmarks already exist today Simple enumeration of Capabilities does not allow for product to product comparisons Three vectors as output: How do they all relate?

13. Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 13 Plan B required Goals of plan B Find replacement criteria for Performance to enable energy consumption comparisons of like machines Reduce / remove the link to a benchmark Provide a standard that can be used to measure power consumption in all energy states and report energy consumption over a given period of time (e.g. annualised) Timescales for Plan B Be ready for Ecma GA in December 2009 Work in parallel with IEC TC108 WG Environment

14. Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 14 Plan B: The proposal Replace the Capability and Performance vectors used in Plan A with a Categorisation vector Enable the comparison of energy consumption of like for like machines Categorisation details need to be defined. Examples would be: Processor: # cores, # physical processors, cache etc Audio: s/n ratio, # channels etc. Graphics: size of memory, GPU capabilities etc Memory: How big, how fast Storage: Number and size of devices Enable the standard to measure power in any or all power states: e.g. Off, Sleep, idle, active

15. Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 15 Plan B: The Benefits Removed the link with a BM (however see next slide for Active power discussions) The standard becomes simpler, faster and cheaper for user More holistic standard for energy measurement User can choose to measure power / energy in any power state, or: Report overall energy consumption over a given period of time, and: Compare like machines

16. Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 16 Plan B: The challenges Categorisation: Not a new concept but will require much debate and comparison of ideas Energy consumption in Active mode, two arguments: On an annualised basis, the energy consumed in active is negligible therefore it could be considered as idle In the coming years, idle time will reduce and so active energy will become more important If active energy mode included: What workload to run to demonstrate real world active mode energy consumption?

17. Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 17 Plan B: Next steps Define a roadmap for December completion Categorisation and Active energy are risk factors Solicit ideas from all members on Categorisation techniques Agree how to handle Active power Start basics of the standard (definitions, test flow etc) Agree a working process between IEC and Ecma

18. Comparison Plan A to B Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 18 18 Plan B Plan A ECMA-383 Standard 1 st Edition Benchmark Criteria Performance score Energy consumption Capabilities Problems Benchmark Test time Performance definition Three outputs Plan B ECMA-383 Standard 2 nd Edition Workload for Active* System Categorised Energy consumption in any or all power states *If we include Active energy consumption in the 2 nd edition

19. Address Ecma is driven purely by the will of its members It is run by industry for industry, and is aware of your time and cost constraints Proven system for getting things done right and on time The know-how of the secretariat, GA and CC guides technical experts through international standardization jungle The Ecma process filters out non-commercial interests, resolves competitive clashes which are not productive The fast track by Ecma saves you time and money. If you get three members together for a project, it can not be stopped by other members Ecma works readily on several competing solutions to the same problem The development of an Ecma Standard takes (typically) no more than half the time required to develop a similar standard in any competing forum. Ecma Standards are recognized worldwide as amongst the highest quality Rue du Rhône 114 - CH-1204 Geneva - T: +41 22 849 6000 - F: +41 22 849 6001 - www.ecma-international.org 19 4. ????? Rue du Rhône 114 CH-1204 Geneva T: +41 22 849 6000 F: +41 22 849 6001 www.ecma-international.org Thank you!