1. Community Ecology

2. Community interactions: Community Ecology

3. Community interactions: –Competition –Predation –Herbivory –Parasitism –Disease –Mutualism –Commensalism –Coevolution Community Ecology

4. Community interactions: –Competition –Predation –Herbivory –Parasitism –Disease –Mutualism –Commensalism –Coevolution Community Ecology -/- +/- +/+ +/0

5. Predation and coloration: Community Ecology

6. Predation and coloration: Aposematic coloration Community Ecology

7. Predation and coloration: Aposematic coloration Community Ecology

8. Predation and coloration: Batesian mimicry Community Ecology

9. Predation and coloration: Batesian mimicry monarch viceroy Community Ecology

10. Predation and coloration: Batesian mimicry poison harmless monarch viceroy Community Ecology

11. Predation and coloration: Müllerian mimicry Community Ecology

12. Predation and coloration: Müllerian mimicry Iraqi American Community Ecology

13. Predation and coloration: Müllerian mimicry I’m a soldier. Don’t mess with me. Community Ecology

14. Community structure: Species diversity Community Ecology

15. Community structure: Species diversity How many species are in a community? Community Ecology

16. Community structure: Trophic structure Who eats whom? Community Ecology

17. Community structure: Community Ecology Primary producers

18. Community structure: Community Ecology Primary producers Primary consumers

19. Community structure: Community Ecology Primary producers Secondary consumers Primary consumers

20. Community structure: Tertiary consumers Community Ecology Primary producers Secondary consumers Primary consumers

21. Community structure: Quaternary consumers Tertiary consumers Community Ecology Primary producers Secondary consumers Primary consumers

22. Community structure: Energetic hypothesis: Length of a food chain is limited by inefficiency of energy transfer Community Ecology

23. Community structure: Energetic hypothesis: Length of a food chain is limited by inefficiency of energy transfer Dynamic stability hypothesis: Long food chains are less stable than short food chains. Community Ecology

24. Community structure: Energetic hypothesis: Length of a food chain is limited by inefficiency of energy transfer Dynamic stability hypothesis: Long food chains are less stable than short food chains. Community Ecology

25. Community structure: Species with a large impact Community Ecology

26. Community structure: Species with a large impact Dominant Keystone Foundation Community Ecology

27. Community structure: Species with a large impact Dominant – most abundant Keystone – disproportionate impact Foundation – ecosystem engineers Community Ecology

28. Community structure: Bottom-up vs. top-down controls Community Ecology

29. Community structure: Bottom-up vs. top-down controls Predators depend on prey vs. Predators control prey Community Ecology

30. Community structure: Disturbance Community Ecology

31. Community structure: Disturbance May be the norm Community Ecology

32. Community structure: Disturbance Moderate disturbance may foster increased diversity Community Ecology

33. Community structure: Disturbance Human disturbance can be too high or sometimes too low. Community Ecology

34. Ecological Succession: Community Ecology

35. Ecological Succession: Primary – starting with bare rock Secondary – starting with soil Community Ecology

36. Ecological Succession: autotrophic prokaryotes Community Ecology

37. Ecological Succession: autotrophic prokaryotes lichens and mosses Community Ecology

38. Ecological Succession: autotrophic prokaryotes lichens and mosses annuals Community Ecology

39. Ecological Succession: autotrophic prokaryotes lichens and mosses annuals perennials Community Ecology

40. Ecological Succession: autotrophic prokaryotes lichens and mosses annuals perennials trees Community Ecology

42. Ecological Succession: Pioneer species Climax species Community Ecology

43. Ecological Succession: Pioneer species Facilitate later species Climax species Inhibit later species Community Ecology

44. Species Richness (Biodiversity): Community Ecology

45. Species Richness (Biodiversity): Community Ecology evapotranspiration sunlight + temp + water richness

46. Species Richness (Biodiversity): Community Ecology evapotranspiration sunlight + temp + water richness

47. Species Richness (Biodiversity): Community Ecology evapotranspiration sunlight + temp + water richness

48. Species Richness (Biodiversity): Community Ecology richnessimmigration extinction

49. Species Richness (Biodiversity): Community Ecology richnessimmigration extinction

50. Species Richness (Biodiversity): Community Ecology richnessimmigration extinction equilibrium number

51. Species Richness (Biodiversity): Community Ecology richness small island immigration extinction

52. Species Richness (Biodiversity): Community Ecology richness large island immigration extinction

53. Species Richness (Biodiversity): Community Ecology richness far from the mainland immigration extinction

54. Species Richness (Biodiversity): Community Ecology richness close to the mainland immigration extinction

55. Continuing Debate: Community Ecology

56. Continuing Debate: integrated vs. individualistic Community Ecology

57. Continuing Debate: integrated vs. individualistic rivet vs. redundancy Community Ecology

58. Continuing Debate: integrated vs. individualistic rivet vs. redundancy Community Ecology

59. Continuing Debate: integrated vs. individualistic rivet vs. redundancy Community Ecology.