1. CS234 – Advanced Topics in Networking
Mondays, Wednesdays 2:00-3:20p.m.
DBH 1200
Prof. Nalini Venkatasubramanian

2. Course logistics and details
Course webpage:
Must check it frequently
Lectures - MW 2:00-3:20p.m
Must read:
Collection of technical papers and reports by topic
Interesting article on how to read a paper
Reference books
Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach (5th Edition), by Jim Kurose and Keith Ross, Addison Wesley (preferred)
Multimedia Systems, by Ralf Steinmetz and Klara Nahrstedt, Springer 2004.

3. Prerequisite knowledge
Requirements
Undergraduate level course in computer networks.
Understanding of basic networking protocols is desirable.
Basic programming skills in Java, C++…

4. Course logistics and details
Homework
Paper summaries (4 sets)
Midterm examination
Tentatively scheduled for end of Week 8
Team presentations on one topic
Course project or research paper
Maybe done in groups (preferred)
Project proposal due end of Week 3
Survey of related works due end of Week 6
Final project presentations/demos/reports – Finals week
Potential projects will be available on webpage

5. Grading policy Homework - 20% of final grade
4 topic summaries.
Due the week after a specific topic is covered.
Midterm - 35% of final grade
Tentatively in Week 7
Team presentation - 10% of final grade
Due date: Based on course topic schedule
Class project/paper - 35% of final grade
Final assignment of grades will be based on a curve.

6. Lecture Schedule Part A : Topics in Wired Networks (Weeks 1-5)
Week 1,2 : Internet Technologies
Top-Down overview of networks
Internet: Application Layer Concepts/Protocols
Web-HTTP, -SMTP, FTP, DNS, Web Caching
Software Defined Networks
Week 3,4 : Peer-to-Peer Networks
Overview of P2P networks
Search/lookup; content delivery; storage/filesystems
Load Balancing, Latency, Throughput, Heterogeneity
Unstructured P2P – Gnutella, BitTorrent, KaZaa
Structured P2P – Chord, Pastry, CAN
Application Layer Multicasting
Basic Tree-based ALM - Locality, Load-balancing
Forest/Mesh-based ALM - Maximizing bandwidth utilization
Hybrid and Gossip-Based ALM – Reliability/perf w/ failure
Week 5 : Multimedia Networking
Quality of Service and Differentiated Services
Traffic Shaping, Rate control, Error Control
Potential Case Studies – Token Ring, FDDI, ATM

7. Lecture Schedule Part B : Topics in Wireless Networking (Weeks 6-10)
Week 6: Infrastructure Based Wireless Networks
Cellular (GSM, CDMA, LTE.... ), Wireless LAN (802.11)
Week 7:Non-Infrastructure Based Wireless Networks
MANETs (mobile adhoc networks), Disruption Tolerant Networking
Week 8: Midterm Review and Midterm
Week 9, 10 : Mobile Pervasive Computing and Sensor Networks
Media Streaming, Power Awareness, Mobile Social Networks
Sensor Networks and Pervasive Networking – Zigbee, BlueTooth, RFID
CyberPhysical Systems and Networking Technologies

8. Some tools for projects
Theoretical papers
E.g. Quantitative/probabilistic/MATLAB analysis
Simulators
E.g. NS2, Qualnet, Tossim, PeerSIM, CloudSIM,
Real testbed
E.g.Android apps, Cloud platforms (Amazon
EC2, Microsoft Azure,Google AppEngine, TinyOS,

9. ns2 Aim: Support networking research and education Includes
For protocol design, traffic studies
Free open source - on Linux, Windows and Mac
Includes
Wired networks
Routing Distance Vector (DV), Link States (LS)
Transportation: TCP and UDP
Traffic: Ftp, Telnet, Cbr (Constant bit ratess)
Queuing models: Drop-tail, RED
QoS support frameworks: IntServ and Diffserv
Wireless networks
Ad hoc routing protocols (AODV, DSR) and mobile IP
Utilities for tracing and visualization
Details:

10. Qualnet A good simulator for studying networks Includes
Rapid prototyping of protocols with GUI tools and the modular, layered stack design
Scalability via support for parallel execution
Includes
Many types of networks: Wired and wireless (WLANs, Cellular, Ad Hoc)
Various existing protocols
Easy for tracing and visualization.
More scalable than NS2 (support thousands of nodes)

11. OverSim http://www.oversim.org/ OverSim
Is a C++ based open-source overlay and peer-to-peer network simulation framework for the OMNet++ simulation environment.
Built-in Modules : Structured (Chord, Pastry, Bamboo, Koorde, Broose, Kademlia), Unstructured (GIA) P2P and other Overlay Protocols (NICE, NTree, Quon, Vast, Publish-Subscribe for MMOGs)
You can add a C++ module to run your own protocol on OverSim

12. PeerSim http://peersim.sourceforge.net/ PeerSim
Is a Java-based peer-to-peer system simulator with two simulation engines (a cycle-based and an event driven).
Built-in Modules: Pastry, Chord, Kademlia, Skpnet, Bittorrent, TMan, Cloudcast.
You can build a java package of your own protocol to run on PeerSim.

13. Mobile computing systems
Android apps
Android Emulators
Mobile + cloud platforms
Heterogeneous networking

14. Sensor systems Sensor network platforms Sensor network simulators
TinyOS
Sensor network simulators
TOSSIM, extensions to NS2, QualNET to support Zigbee
RFID platforms and simulators
Robot simulation platforms to study mobile sensing

15. Current research directions
Clean Slate Internet Design ( more in next lecture)
Emphasis on security, reliability, mobility, scalability
Note: Changing/upgrading Internet completely is hard/costly.
Better Access to the Internet
Conveniently (anywhere)
Fast (bandwidth)
Efficiently (low power consumption, billing cost)
Employ multiple networks (wireless and wired) and provide seamless vertical handover (switch to different networks seamlessly).
Use clouds or multi-layer systems (e.g., use brokers between Internet and users) to reduce latency or computation cost at terminal devices.
Design solutions to optimize network resource allocation…

16. Growth of the Internet Aug. 1981 213 Oct. 1984 1,024 Dec. 1987 28,174
Number of Hosts on the
Internet:
Aug
Oct ,024
Dec ,174
Oct ,000
Oct ,056,000
Apr ,706,000
Jan ,146,000
Jan ,218,000
Jan ,374,000
Jan ,638,297
Jul ,139,107
Jul ,284,187
CSci5221: Introduction

17. People-to-Computer Ratio Over Time
From David Culler (Berkeley)

18. Principles of Operating Systems - Lecture 1
Systems Today
Principles of Operating Systems - Lecture 1

19. AIT NIST
DRAFT of 04/03/07
DARPA12
Irvine Sensorium

20. Distributed Computing Envts.
Globus Grid Computing Toolkit
Cloud Computing Offerings
Gnutella P2P Network
PlanetLab

21. Requirements for Today’s Internet (“ilities”)
Availability and reliability
“Always on”, fault-tolerant, fast recovery from failures, …
Quality-of-service (QoS) for applications
fast response time, adequate quality for VoIP, IPTV, etc.
Scalability
millions or more of users, devices, …
Mobility
untethered access, mobile users, devices, …
Security (and Privacy?)
protect against malicious attacks, accountability of user actions?
Manageability
configure, operate and manage networks
trouble-shooting network problems
Flexibility, Extensibility, Evolvability, ……?
ease of new service creation and deployment?
evolvable to meet future needs?
CSci5221: Internet Design

22. Always Best Connected(ABC)Access Wired/Wireless

23. Always Best Connected(ABC)Access Multiple Wireless
Improve throughput by WiFi offload

24. Use Multi-hop networks Increase coverage

25. WiZi-Cloud Use Zigbee to turn on/off WiFi interface at smartphone to
save energy – APs also have
two interfaces

26. MINA: A Multinetwork Information Architecture
1. Tier based overlay architecture
(Using Network centrality, clustering )
Observe-Analyze-Adapt
2. Heterogeneous Networks and devices
3. Diverse services and applications
Observe: Data collection in dynamic mobile environment
Formal based what if analysis
QoS based flow scheduling/Human in the loop

27. Mobile cloud

28. Two tier mobile cloud system

29. Research Problems … Switch networks seamlessly with context awareness
Optimize network resource usage
Rich data (multimedia) streaming
Network activity and power consumption
Provide information, notification (events) on time …

30. Sensor Networks Sensor network platforms Sensor network simulators
Extensions to NS2, QualNET, TOSSIM
Participatory Sensing
Crowdsensing

31. SAFIRENET – Next Generation MultiNetworks
Information need
Multitude of technologies
WiFi (infrastructure, ad-hoc), WSN, UWB, mesh networks, DTN, zigbee
SAFIRE Data needs
Timeliness
immediate medical triage to a FF with significant CO exposure
Reliability
accuracy levels needed for CO monitoring
Limitations
Resource Constraints
Video, imagery
Transmission Power, Coverage,
Failures and Unpredictability
Goal
Reliable delivery of data over unpredictable infrastructure
DATA
NEEDS
Multiple networks
Sensors
Dead Reckoning
(don’t send
Irrelevant data)

32. UCI I-Sensorium Infrastructure
Campus-wide infrastructure to instrument, experiments, monitor, disaster drills & to validate technologies
sensing, communicating, storage & computing infrastructure
Software for real-time collection, analysis, and processing of sensor information
used to create real time information awareness & post-drill analysis 32

33. Mote Sensor Deployment
Heart Rate
Polar Heart Rate Module
Polar T31 Heart rate strap transmitter
Proprietary EMF transmission
Crossbow MIB510 Serial Gateway
Crossbow MDA 300CA Data Acquisition board on MICAz 2.4Ghz Mote
Inertial positioning
IMU (5 degrees of freedom)
IEEE (zigbee)
To SAFIRE Server
Carbon monoxide
Temperature, humidity
Carboxyhaemoglobin, light

34. UC Irvine Sensorium Boxes (building on Caltech CSN project)
Humidity
control (de)humidifer, particularly for individuals with respiratory ailments
Camera
boiling pot, monitor pet's food and water, face recognition
Microphone / accelerometer
detect gunshot in an apartment building / complex
Microphone / light sensor
monitor thunderstorm activity
SheevaPlug computer
Accelerometer
Ethernet
Battery backup
Additional Sensors
Wi-Fi dongle, Smoke, Toxic gases (e.g. CO), Radiation, Humidity, Microphone, Camera

35. “Green” networks through energy harvesting
Irvine Sensorium
Decision Maker
Sensor
Server
Offline phase
Online phase
Multiple
Energy
Harvesting
sources
Network models
Hierarchical
topology
Energy harvesting
Prediction model
SQuARES
WSN prototypes
Changing
Application
& Query model
Solution: Smart and adaptive energy harvesting
management schemes, exploiting applications’
tolerance to quality degradation to manage
system energy consumption and satisfy energy
harvesting constraints
Advantages: Perpetual system lifetime, minimum
maintenance cost
Challenges: Temporal and Spatial variations in
energy harvesting sources

36. Sustainability and CPS
Smart campus
The Software Defined Building?
Integrating sensing with smart grid
Smart water systems (opportunity)?
Integrating Evs
Simulation, Emulation F/ws