1. Europe’s Late Middle Ages Chapter 5- Pathways

2. Introduction  Knightly/ Noble class was VERY important but it was only about 10% of population  Time of change and upheaval  Catholic Church threatened, black plague, peasant revolts, 100 Year War, trade, new agricultural inventions, growth of cities

3. Knighthood  Reached highest stage of development before a quick decline  Fight for the lord and dedicate his life to his lady  Eventually new technology made the role of Knights unnecessary (Long bow & fire arms)

4. Chivalry  Code of honour that every knight swore to uphold  Brave, generous, truthful, protect women and children, love and strengthen the church  They worked hard to become the best at fighting and jousting- this ensured they were able to keep their social status… and survive on the battle field But where knights really chivalrous all the time?!?!

5. How do you become a knight??  Knights were always the son of nobles and began to train at the age of 6 or 7  They learned through apprenticeship living with a knight and learning his ways  A knight in training was called a Page  When the Page was 15 he became a Squire (knights assistant/ body guard)  At the age of 21, if a squire could afford it, he would become a knight

7. Coat of Arms  On the battle field knights wore a coat of arms in order to easily be identified Lets take a look at a few!

10. Let’s Make Our Own!!!! Coat of Arms must include the following: 1. A symbol/ picture to represent an important place 2. A symbol/ picture to represent a hobby/ activity 3. An animal that represents you 4. Any other symbol that represents you/ your family 5. Include a personal motto (word or phrase that represents you) at the top

11. WAR… the 100 Years’ War  Struggle between monarchs and nobles of France and England from lasted from 1338-1453  How could a war last so long??  Was war the same as it is today?

12. 100 Year War continued…  Battle between French and English over Who should be King?!?  French ruler died- French supported a cousin of the dead rule BUT  King Edward III of England was the nephew of the old French King and wanted to rule France- Invaded France

13. 100 Year War… the END  The Hundred Year War ended when Edward (King of England) renounced his claim to the throne of France.  Both Countries sign the Peace Treaty of Picquigny

15. Technology and Tactics  Archers- English used Archers which proved to be a VERY valuable weapon against the French  What were archers?  Ordinary village people who were skilled in shooting longbows  Send an arrow through Knights armour

16. How did Archers change the war?!?  French were skilled at fighting but lost many times- many Frenchman refused to fight with people of lower birth order and could ignore archers  French tried to ride past archers to get to their equals (English Knights)- this ended in disaster  Archers changed battle forever- Made the knight and his armour disappear!

17. COMPARE and CONTRAST WAR in the MIDDLE AGES To WAR TODAY