1. Europe
in the
1920s

2. Post war Europe Unstable new Democracies Coalition governments
Break up of A-H
Coalition governments
Too many political parties

3. Europe in 1919

4. Germany

5. From the German Point of View
 Lost—but not forgotten country.
Into the heart You are to dig yourself these words as into stone: Which we have lost may not be truly lost!

6. Maimed German WW I Veteran

7. The “Stabbed-in-the-Back” Theory
Disgruntled German WWI veterans

8. German “Revolutions” [1918]

9. Coalition Gov’t Unstable/ many political parties
Some had more than a dozen
Need a majority to set up a gov’t
Temporary alliances formed

10. Friedrich Ebert: First President of the Weimar Republic

11. The German Government: 1919-1920

12. The German Mark

13. The German Mark

14. The French in the Ruhr: 1923

15. The French Occupation of the Ruhr

16. The Dawes Plan (1924)

17. European Debts to the United States

18. Buying stocks on margin-
borrow money for the stocks
Works if value continues to rise
Must pay loan if stock value drops

19. The Beer Hall Putsch: 1923

20. The Beer Hall Putsch Idealized

21. Hitler in Landesberg Prison

22. Mein Kampf [My Struggle]

23. Weimar Germany: Political Representation [1920-1933]
Political Parties in the Reichstag
May 1924
Dec
May 1928
Sep. 1930
July 1932
Nov. 1932
Mar. 1933
Communist Party (KPD) 62 45 54 77 89
100 81
Social Democratic Party (SDP)
131
153
143
133
121
120
Catholic Centre Party (BVP) 88 78 87 97 90 93
Nationalist Party (DNVP) 95
103 73 41 37 52
Nazi Party (NSDAP) 32 14 12
107
230
196
288
Other Parties
102
112
122 22 35 23

24. LOCARNO PACT EASES TENSIONS IN WESTERN EUROPE
1925
LOCARNO PACT EASES TENSIONS IN WESTERN EUROPE

25. Locarno Gustav Streseman- foreign minister
Aristide Briand- foreign minister
Promise no war with each other
Spirit of Locarno

26. NATIONS OUTLAW WAR” IN KELLOGG-BRIAND PACT “
1928
NATIONS OUTLAW WAR” IN KELLOGG-BRIAND PACT “

27. The
Great
Depression

28. The Great Depression [1929-1941]
London in 1930
Paris in 1930

29. German Unemployment: 1929-1938

30. The Great Depression [1929-1941]

31. Bankers call in foreign loans
High protective tariffs put in place- idea that the American dollar should stay in America
Result - world trade drops by 65%
European banks fail- Austria largest bank
US banks fail

32. What to Do? Britain France
Lowered interest rate, raised taxes, high tariff
Avoided political extremes
Dole
France
Less dependent and foreign trade
5 coalition gov’ts formed and fall
Popular front coalition - moderates, socialists and communists- passes legis to help

33. Scandinavian countries
Socialistic
Public works
Raised pensions
Increased unemployment benefits
Higher taxes to pay US
Roosevelt-
New Deal- public works
Welfare
Unemployment
Regulations on stocks market and banking industry
FDIC

34. German Election Results in 1933

35. The “New Napoleons?”