1. Low Ash Primary School – Calculations policy Addition Strategies: 7 + 6 = 13 4567 0123891110131214 Counting on in 1s Counting on – partitioning into 10s and 1s 23 + 12 = 35 233335 + 10+ 2 Or 23 + 10 + 2 -> 23 + 10 = 33 then 33 + 2 = 35 Year 1 Year 2 Counting on – adding nearly numbers - add 9, 11 by adding 10 and adjusting by 1. 354445 + 10 35 + 9 = 44 As Year 2 but with larger numbers. Extend adding near multiples of 10 to a 2-digit number, e.g. 35 + 19. Year 3 Pencil and paper procedures. 83 + 42 = 12583 + 42 120 5 125 Or 80 + 3 + 40 + 2 120 + 5 = 125 Year 4/5/6 Continue with number line methods and pencil and paper procedures. Extend adding nearly numbers e.g. 125 + 59, 165 + 81, 143 + 4.9, 234 + 5.1 Refine column addition - including larger and decimal numbers. 358 + 73 431 1 354546 + 10 35 + 11 = 46 + 1

2. Low Ash Primary School – Calculations policy Subtraction Strategies: Counting on/back in 1s Year 1 9 – 2 = 7 8 – 5 = 3 4567 01238910 4567 012389 Counting on – finding a difference (Extension) 42 – 39 = 3 394042 + 1+ 2 Year 2 Subtracting nearly numbers – subtract a multiple of 10 then adjust. 252635 - 10 35 – 9 = 26 +1 Counting back – partitioning into 10s and 1s. 24 – 13 = 11 11 14 24 - 3- 10 As Year 2 but with larger numbers. Extend subtracting near multiples of 10 to a 2-digit number, e.g. 35 - 19. Develop complementary addition (counting on). Year 3 Year 4/5/6 Continue with number line methods for complementary addition, counting back and subtracting nearly numbers. Each year numbers should get larger and include decimals. Once a secure potential level 5 - introduce decomposition. 546 - 318 3 1 5.7 6.0 6.1 -0.3 - 0.1 6.1 – 0.4 = 5.7 228 5.6 6.0 6.8 +0.4+0.8 6.8 – 5.6= 1.2 Find the difference by counting on. Count back. Count on.

3. Low Ash Primary School – Calculations policy Multiplication Strategies: 2 x 4 or 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 or 4 x 2 or 4 + 4 = 8 Arrays and repeated addition. Year 2 230145768 Doubling – using partitioning (Extension) 15 x 2 = 3010 + 5 X 2 20 + 10 = 30 Or X 105 2 20 = 30 Year 3 As Year 2 – use arrays and repeated addition and use known facts to carry out simple multiplications. 32 x 3 = 96 X 302 3 690 = 96 Year 4/5/6 Continue with the grid method – each year numbers should get larger or include decimals. 172 x 38 =6536 X 70 2 30 602100 8 56016 6536 After Year 6 Sats introduce standard method. 57 X 9 63 x units 450 x tens 513 Or 100 3000 800 3800 2660 76 3800 2660 + 76 2.4 x 3.9 = 9.36 X 20 4 30 120600 9 180 36 780 156 780 + 156 936 Treat as whole numbers, then readjust accordingly including a decimal point.

4. Low Ash Primary School – Calculations policy Division Strategies: Grouping - There are 6 sweets. How many people can have 2 each? 2046 Division as sharing and grouping. Sharing – 6 sweets are shared between 2 people. How many do they each have? Year 2 Year 3 As Year 2 – continue grouping and sharing – with larger numbers. Remainders. 306 9 16 – 3 = 5 r1: 12 1516 Year 4 As Year 3. Extend to harder numbers and begin to write out multiples. 1. X 4 = 4 2. X 4 = 8 3. X 4 = 12 4. X 4 = 16 5. X 4 = 20 6. X 4 = 24 7. X 4 = 28 8. X 4 = 32 9. X 4 = 36 10. X 4 = 40 (40) (80) (120) (160) (200) (240) (280) (320) (360) (400) Use the dot to represent a zero to make it a multiple of 10 96 – 4 = 24: 40 0 80 96 10 x 4 4 x 4 16 10 x 4 4 x 4 24 x 4 Year 5/6 As Year 4. Extend to larger numbers. Year 5 summer term onwards – children secure with number line and secure potential level 5’s can move on to short division. 1 9 26 0 3 2 1 1 Include questions with remainder and decimal answers. Can reduce to 1, 2, 4, 5, 10 x 1 23 12345 6 – 2 = 3: :