1. Art of The Gilded Age Late 19th Century American Art
McCusker Version
Keys to focus on: The way that Winslow depicts nature as ideal and beautiful at a time when the world is increasingly industrializing. The way that Thomas Eakins depicts artifacts of the industrailized world such as the growth of athletics in cities and modern medicine. The depiction of women as portrayed by John Singer Sargent and Mary Cassat as it connects to the cult of domesticity and the newly emerging role of woman. Use this to set up the value shift that takes place in the 20’s and produces the Flapper.
Adapted from materials made by
Mr. Anderson and Mr. Palmer

2. Winslow Homer 1836-1910 Reaction to Civil War
Reaction to Industrialization
Childhood
African-Americans
“Soldier Meditating by a Grave”

3. Winslow Homer’s Reaction to the Civil War: Veteran In A New Field*
Irony of the Soldier returning form the civil war shown with a reaper (death carries a reaper). Killing of the civil war represented in the pastoral scene.

4. Winslow Homer’s Reaction to the Civil War: Prisoners from the Front
Defiance in the face of the one soldier the age of one, the youth of the other. Notice the stumps in the background representing the destruction of the war.

5. Winslow Homer’s Reaction to Industrialization and Paintings about Childhood*
How is this a commentary on Industrialization. How does this picture compare to the pictures we have seen of child labor in factories? What is the significance of the building in the background. How might this picture foreshadow some of the coming progressive changes in American education?
Snap the Whip

6. Winslow Homer’s Reaction to Industrialization and Paintings about Childhood*
The Country School

7. Winslow Homer’s Reaction to Industrialization and Paintings about Childhood*
Notice the differences in the following pictures. How do subtle changes in background effect the mod of the picture. How does this picture represent industrialization.
Sailing the Catboat

8. Winslow Homer’s Reaction to Industrialization and Paintings about Childhood: Boat
Ship in the background represnts distance from shore rather than the lighthouse of the previous picture.

9. Winslow Homer’s Reaction to Industrialization and Paintings about Childhood: Fresh Air*

10. Winslow Homer’s Paintings about African-Americans: The Water-Melon Boys*
Does this image look familiar?
What symbolizes theft? What racila commentary is taking place in this picture?

11. Winslow Homer Paintings about African-Americans: A Visit from the Old Mistress

12. Winslow Homer Paintings about African-Americans: The Cotton Pickers
Racial overtones Dark vs. Light skinned Africans.

13. Winslow Homer Paintings about African-Americans: Upland Cotton
Similar to the last but how different?

14. Winslow Homer Paintings about African-Americans: A Sunday Morning in Virginia

15. Winslow Homer Paintings about African-Americans: The Busy Bee

16. Edward Lamson Henry: Kept In
Other painters of the period expressed similar sentiments about the state of African-Americans.
Notice the underlying red white and blue color scheme. She is in for recess in trouble but she looks out the window longingly. Notice the importance of the title
Edward Lamson Henry: Kept In

17. Winslow Homer’s Realism/Naturalism: The Blue Boat

18. Winslow Homer’s Realism/Naturalism: The Sponge Diver

19. Winslow Homer’s Realism/Naturalism: The Gulf Stream
How much worse could the situation for this man get?

20. Winslow Homer’s Realism/Naturalism: Fog Warning

21. Winslow Homer’s Realism/Naturalism: Lost on the Grand Banks
In 1998, Microsoft’s Bill Gates paid more than $30,000,000 for this painting, the most ever for an American painting. (Doris Homer, one of Winslow Homer’s living relatives said, “It’s not worth it!”)

22. Winslow Homer’s Realism/Naturalism: Right and Left
Notice the subtle placement of the man behind the bird on the left. What is happening in this picture. Suggestive of mans influence on nature.

23. Winslow Homer’s Realism/Naturalism: An October Day

24. Winslow Homer’s Realism/Naturalism: Deer Drinking

25. Baseball Players Practicing
Thomas Eakins *
Thomas Eakins was fascinated by the human form.
He sought to capture it in action and in its purest forms.
Eakins perfected the human form. Look at he forearms and the postures. Despite the impressionist aspects of the painting the realism of the forms is near perfect
Baseball Players Practicing

26. Thomas Eakins: The Gross Clinic*
Thomas Eakins: The Gross Clinic
This painting was commisioned by a medical school. The painting is of Dr. Gross. The hospital was not happy because of the graphic nature of the work. It wasin conflict with victorian era ideas of propriety.

27. Thomas Eakins: Detail of The Gross Clinic
Notice the realism of his face and the authenticity of his hand holding the instrument.

28. Thomas Eakins: Study of the Head of Samuel David Gross

29. Thomas Eakins:The Agnew Clinic
Notice the changes in the clothing and setting. Notice how this represents the importance of the physician. This too was comissioned to honor Dr. Agnew.

30. Thomas Eakins: John Biglin in A Single Scull
Notice the attention to detail in the physical form.

31. Thomas Eakins: Max Schmitt in A Single Scull

32. Thomas Eakins: The Biglin Brothers Turning the Stake

33. James Abbott McNeill Whistler (1834-1903) Study in Grey and Black
Whistler painted in shades of black and white. This one is known as Whistlers mother.

34. James Abbott McNeill Whistler: At the Piano
Whistler focused on intimate and private moments in the lives of women. *

35. James Abbott McNeill Whistler
Symphony in White
Again notice the bland color scheme but also the detail in the dresses as well as the abundance and detail of patterns in the background.
Symphony in White II

36. Impressionism: A style of painting started in France during the 1860s
Impressionism: A style of painting started in France during the 1860s. Impressionist artists tried to paint candid glimpses of their subjects in everyday life, which showed the effects of sunlight on objects and people at different times and in different weather conditions throughout the day.
Mary cassat was an American in the circle of impressionistic painters in france. The idea was to record quickly what you see in order to get the gist/impression of a moment. The detail may sometimes lack but the feeling importance of the scene comes through.
Mary Cassatt
Reine Leaning over Margot’s Shoulder

37. John Singer Sargent
Self Portait

38. John Singer Sargent: Carnation Lily, Lily Rose
John Singer Sargetn again protrays women in situations that are private. Focuses on details, efectively captures reflections of light on facbic and the details of paterns around him.

39. John Singer Sargent: Mrs. George Swinton*
John Singer Sargent: Mrs. George Swinton

40. John Singer Sargent: The Acheson Sisers*
John Singer Sargent: The Acheson Sisers

41. John Singer Sargent: Madame X*
Scandalous. This was seen as borderline pornographic because of her suggewstive pose and her revealing clothes. It is also possible an anonymou representation of the next woman whao was a married aristocrat.
John Singer Sargent: Madame X

42. John Singer Sargent: Lady Agnew of Lochnaw*
John Singer Sargent: Lady Agnew of Lochnaw
Notice the suggestive pose. Not typical of portraits of aristocratic women. Again rich patterns and accurate depiction of light.

43. John Singer Sargent: Mrs. Carl Meyer and Her Children
Odd angle of picture and the strange way that she is reaching for her children. She is captured in a less ridged pose and social situation than other portraits of the time.

44. John Singer Sargent: Alice Vanderbilt Shepard
Aristocratic girl

45. John Singer Sargent: Mrs. Henry White*
John Singer Sargent: Mrs. Henry White

46. John Singer Sargent: Mrs. Hugh Hammersley*
John Singer Sargent: Mrs. Hugh Hammersley

47. John Singer Sargent: The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit
Notice the status of the family conveyed byt the servants lingering n the background but in the focal point of the picture.
John Singer Sargent: The Daughters of Edward Darley Boit

48. John Singer Sargent: Mr. And Mrs. John Phelps Stokes

49. W. O.
M.A. N.
Focus on the way that the art of John Singer Sargent depicts women. Connect to the cult of Domesticity, roles of women and the way that industrialization created separate realms for the man and the woman that were altered from the way that they were when America was a more agricultural society.

50. Another side of John Singer Sargent: The Hermit

51. Mary Cassatt
The only American to exhibit with the French Impressionists
One of only two women to exhibit with the French Impressionists
Concentrated on the public and private lives of women
Mary cassat captures more intimate, less formal but sentive and emotional parts of the lives of woman.
Breakfast in Bed

52. Mary Cassatt: The Garden

53. Mary Cassatt: The Bath
Notice the subservient role of the mother caring for her child. Rich and varied patterns in the back, on the rug, on the pitcher, in the dress.

54. Mary Cassatt: At the Opera
This woman is out in public and on display. Woman during this era went out to be seen. Notice the onlooker in the adjacent balcony viewing her through his opera glasses.

55. Mary Cassatt: At the Theater
More impressionist than others this is Mary Cassat’s sister Lydia.

56. Mary Cassatt: Lydia in a Loge Wearing a Pearl Necklace
Mary’s sister Lydia, also her in the next two pictures. Continues the theme of her out and on display.

57. Mary Cassatt: Lydia Seated at an Embroidery Table

58. Mary Cassatt: Woman Reading in a Garden
Lydia again.

59. Mary Cassatt: Mrs. Duffee Seated on a Striped Sofa
Lydia again. This time more informally. Patterns again, notice the informality of the moment.

60. Mary Cassatt: The Cup of Tea
Slightly private but also public moment. When this picture was at the Art Institute it was displayed with the actual tea set pictured. Also, the woman pictured is Lydia.

61. Mary Cassatt: The Letter (based on a Japanese print)

62. Mary Cassatt: Alexander J. Cassatt and His Son

63. Maurice Prendergast 1858-1924 Allies Day, May, 1917

64. Maurice Prendergast: Central Park, 1901