1. The New South

2. Bourbon Triumvirate
Redemption Era : period after Reconstruction and before the “New South”
Redeem the state from the hardships of Reconstruction (i.e.…The Republican Party)
The Bourbon Triumvirate: Joseph Brown, Alfred Colquitt, and John Gordon
Democrats who wanted stronger economic ties with northern industry but maintain “old South traditions” (White Supremacy)

3. Joseph Brown Yale Law School Opened law office in Canton, GA
State senator
Judge
N. Georgia farmer
1857: elected governor
State’s rights activist
Possible connections to KKK
Annals: records
Governor Joseph Brown

4. Alfred Colquitt Princeton Law School Fought in Mexican War
State senator
Maj. Gen. in Confederate Army
1876: elected Governor
State debt reduced
New state constitution (1877)
Political Ally: one who shares a common cause
Alfred Colquitt

5. John B. Gordon Lt. Gen. in Confederate Army Newspaper man
Manager of coal mine
Rumored Head of Georgia’s KKK during Reconstruction
1886: elected Governor
Brought new industry to Georgia.
Lt. Gen. John B. Gordon

6. The Bourbon Triumvirate
Successes
State taxes lowered
State war debts reduced
Business and industry expanded
Failures
Did not improve lives of poor
Education suffered
Did not reform prisons
Poor working conditions in factories

7. “The New South”
New South: A phrase used to describe southern progress in the late 1800s…Industry!
Promoted: Industry, Crop Diversification and Investment in Southern Industry
Henry W. Grady: first to use the phrase “NEW SOUTH”…editor for the Atlanta Journal
Henry W. Grady
The international Cotton Exposition

8. The International Cotton Exposition
In 1881, as part of his New South Program, Henry Grady promoted Georgia's first International Cotton Exposition
The exposition attracted 200,000 paid visitors during its two and a half month run and showed the country that Georgia was ready for more industry

9. International Cotton Exposition
Atlanta, 1881:
It was a fair to bring money to Atlanta’s
Cotton textile business.
Millions of dollars were invested in Atlanta and new jobs were created.
Atlanta become known as the center of the New South.

10. Populist Populism was a political party know as the People Party.
The populist wanted the government to do more to regulate the economy so that farmers could earn more money for their crops.
Populist encouraged farmers to work together for their cause through alliances
Most of these farmers were white, but were some African-American Populists

11. The Populist Party James B. Weaver White and black farmers Platform:
The Farmers’ Alliance joined with labor organizations (unions) to form this new political party.
Platform:
8hour workday
Gov’t ownership of railroad, telephone, and telegraph
Graduated federal income tax
Direct election of U.S. Senators
Restriction of immigration
Use of Australian Ballot:
Ballot printed by gov’t, distributed at voting places, and collected in secret sealed boxes.
1892 Election: Democrat Grover Cleveland won…Populist candidate: James B. Weaver
James B. Weaver
White and black farmers

12. Tom Watson & the Populists
Small farmers in Georgia were not prospering because farm product prices were dropping and they were paying too much for shipping their products.
Populism: when farmers formed groups to help one another (ex: The Farmers’ Alliance).

13. Tom Watson Georgia’s best known Populist.
1882: elected to Georgia General Assembly
1890: elected to Congress with backing of Farmers’ Alliance
Introduced the Rural Free Delivery Bill (RFD): required the postmaster general to find a way to deliver mail to rural homes free of charge
Warren County: 1st in GA
1896: ran as vice-president under William Jennings Bryant (Lost)
Conti…
Tom Watson, Populist

14. Rebecca and William Felton
Roots of Populist Movement
Led a group of independent Democrats against the Triumvirate
From Cartersville
William Felton: U.S. Congressman; served in GA General Assembly
Worked to improve education, prison reform, and paved the way for controls and limits on alcohol.
Rebecca Latimer Felton
Picture of 1930 Prohibition
Picture of 1930 Prohibition

15. Rebecca Felton
A leader towards suffrage-votes, particularly for women.
Pushed for temperance-anti-alcohol
Popular writer for the “Atlanta Journal”
Used paper as a forum (Way to communicate ideas…TV, paper, radio, speech…)
Began Georgia Training School for Girls in Atlanta
With Margaret Olivia Slocum Sage
First female U.S. Senator in nation’s history
Replaced another Senator due to death (24 hours

16. The 1906 Atlanta Race Riot
The Atlanta Race Riot was a string of violent events by whites against African Americans. Dozens were killed and many more were wounded.
The riot began because of untrue stories of black men attacking white women.
African Americans began turning to aggressive tactics to achieve equality and justice.

17. The 1906 Atlanta Riot Occurred Sept. 22nd- Sept. 24, 1906
The Negro population grew from 9000 in 1880 to 35, 000 in 1910.
Growth caused increased competition for jobs and deepened class divisions.
Articles printed in local newspapers evoked racial tension to riot level.
2 day rioting resulted in an unofficial death toll of blacks and 2 whites
The barbershop owned by Alonzo Herndon was damaged.

18. Who is Alonzo Herndon?
Was a Georgia native who became the wealthiest Black man in the city of Atlanta at the time of his death in1927.
His businesses include a chain of barbershops and the most successful
black-owned insurance co. in the nation.
He owned 100 houses on Auburn Avenue.
He was active an active member of the NAACP and founded the National Negro Business League.
Alonzo Herndon
Alonzo Herndon’s house

19. Mary Phagan and Jim Conely

20. Leo Frank

21. Jim crow laws
Jim Crow - term used for practices and rules that discriminate along color lines.
System of segregation
Jim Crow was the stage name of a white minstrel who performed in Black face makeup in the late 1800s.
His act caricatured blacks.
The name Jim Crow came to stand for all the segregation laws that were instituted in the South after the Civil War.

22. Plessy v. Ferguson The Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court
Court case heard in the Supreme Court
Case originated in Lousiana in 1896
Upheld segregation and deemed legal and long as facilities were “separate but equal”
Ruling in this case justified racial segregation for 50 years
The Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court

23. Booker T Washington Atlanta Address of 1895
popular spokes- person for African-American citizens
supporters in many black communities, with black ministers, educators and businessmen
wanted peaceful protests and change through speeches

24. W. E. B. Dubois Founding member of NAACP
fought discrimination and racism
More aggressive about racism and discrimination
Criticized Booker T for being to “soft”

25. John and Lugenia Burns Hope
worked for the improvement of black communities through traditional social work, community health campaigns, and political pressure for better education and infrastructure
President of Morehouse in 1906

26. World War I and Georgia called “The Great War”
Established Fort McPherson - home to the headquarters of the U.S. Army Forces Command (FORSCOM), which is responsible for the command and control, unit training, and operational readiness of the active army, National Guard, and reserve

27. WWI continued
Camp Gordon - Camp Gordon, opened in July 1917, was located in Chamblee, northeast of Atlanta, and was the training site of the famous Eighty-second All-American Division. The division included men from several different states, but Georgians made up almost half its number.

28. Causes of WWI Nationalism Sinking of the Lusitania Zimmerman Telegram
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
Imperialism
Alliances