2. Algebra: Number Patterns and Functions Math Concepts Chapter 1

3. A Plan for Problem Solving Follow the 4-step plan. 1- Understand Read the problem carefully. Highlight important information. 2- Plan How do the facts relate to each other? Plan a strategy. 3- Solve What is the solution? 4- Check Reread the problem. Does the answer make sense?

4. Prime Factors Factor: when two or more numbers are multiplied. 3 x 4 ( three and four are called factors) Prime Number: a whole number that has exactly two unique factors, one and itself. 2: 1 x 23: 1 x 3 5: 1 x 57: 1 x 7 Composite Number: a number greater than 1 with more than two factors.

5. Prime Factorization Prime Factorization: every prime number can be expressed as a product of prime numbers. 36 6 x 6 2x3 2x3 Answer: 2x2x3x3

6. Rules of Divisibility N umbers divisible by: 2 : any even number (0,2,4,6,8) 3 : add the digits and check if the sum of the digits are divisible by 3 E xample: 342 3+4+2=9 3 42 is divisible by 3

7. Rules of Divisibility 4 : circle the last TWO digits of the number. If the last two digits are divisible by 4 then the number is divisible by 4. 524 24 is divisible by 4 5 : any number with a 0 or 5 as the last digit of a number 820 635

8. 6: any number that is divisible by 2 and 3 18 (even number and the digits add up to a number divisible by 3) 10: any number that ends with a zero

9. Powers and Exponents Base: a number used as a factor. Exponent: how many times the base is used as a factor. 5 3 = 5 x 5 x 5 125 4 2 = 4 x 4 16

10. Order of Operation P arentheses E xponents M ultiplication D ivision A ddition S ubtraction Which ever comes first from LEFT to RIGHT

11. Algebra: Functions A function is a relationship that assigns exactly one output value to one input value. Function Table: a way of organizing input-output values. INPUT OUTPUT (X+2) 8 10 12 14 Think: 8+2=10 12+2=14

12. Equations Equation: a sentence that contains an equal sign, =. 3+5=848+10=58 Solve: when you replace a variable with a value that makes a true sentence. m=73 + m= 10 3+7=10 Solution : the value for the variable is the solution of the equation.

13. Area Area: the number of square units needed to cover a surface. Formulas: Square (side X side) or (side) 2 Rectangle: (length X width)