1. Who Wants to Control the Internet, and How? Michael R. Nelson Technology Policy Analyst, Bloomberg Government; Member, AAAS Committee on Science, Engineering and Public Policy (COSEPP) MNELSON67@BLOOMBERG.NET

2. A Primer: Layers of the Internet Ecosystem Telecommunications networks (cables +wireless) Internet Service Providers Domain Name System (DNS) Identity Applications and Content Users, Businesses, Intermediaries

3. Why this is a critical time National policy decisionsNational policy decisions –Convergence of telephone, data, broadcasting –Cybersecurity legislation, regulations, initiatives UN World Conference on International Telecommunications (WCIT)UN World Conference on International Telecommunications (WCIT) –In Dubai, last December Internet Governance Forum, ITU PlenipotInternet Governance Forum, ITU Plenipot Various European Union directivesVarious European Union directives

4. Whos deciding? US AdministrationUS Administration US CongressUS Congress European CommissionEuropean Commission ICANNICANN Standards body (e.g. IETF)Standards body (e.g. IETF) Industry consortiaIndustry consortia Individual companies (e.g. Facebook, Microsoft)Individual companies (e.g. Facebook, Microsoft) CourtsCourts FCCFCC United NationsUnited Nations

5. Four Horsemen of the Infocalypse TerroristsTerrorists Drug dealersDrug dealers PedophilesPedophiles Organized crime (Timothy May, 1988)Organized crime (Timothy May, 1988)

6. Eight(?) Horsemen of the Infocalypse TerroristsTerrorists Drug dealersDrug dealers PedophilesPedophiles Organized crime ANDOrganized crime AND Online piracyOnline piracy Malware and SpamMalware and Spam Hate speechHate speech Cyberespionage/CyberwarCyberespionage/Cyberwar

7. Phone governance (1970): Who made choices about phone service? Hundreds of governments Hundreds of government- run telephone companies International Telecommunication Union (subscribers)

8. Who makes choices about the Net? Dozens of intergovernmental organizations, standards bodies, and international NGOs Hundreds of governments and national consortia Thousands of IT vendors, network providers, ISPs… Millions of Internet users

9. Our Panel Leslie Harris, President & CEO, Center for Democracy and Technology Stewart Abercrombie Baker, Distinguished Visiting Fellow, Center for Strategic and International Studies; and Partner, Steptoe and Johnson; former General Counsel, National Security Agency; former Assistant Secretary of Homeland Security for Policy Gigi B. Sohn, President & CEO, Public Knowledge