1. Pharmaceutical analysis Bioavailability studies Drug metabolism studies, pharmacokinetics Characterization of potential drugs Drug degradation product analysis Screening of drug candidates Identifying drug targets Biomolecule characterization Proteins and peptides Oligonucleotides Environmental analysis Pesticides on foods Soil and groundwater contamination Forensic analysis/clinical Applications of Mass Spectrometry

2. What does a mass spectrometer do? 1. It measures mass better than any other technique. 2. It can give information about chemical structures. What are mass measurements good for? To identify, verify, and quantitate: metabolites, recombinant proteins, proteins isolated from natural sources, oligonucleotides, drug candidates, peptides, synthetic organic chemicals, polymers

3. How does a mass spectrometer work? Ion source: makes ions Mass analyzer: separates ions Mass spectrum: presents information Sample

4. Inlet Ion source Mass Analyzer Detector Data System High Vacuum System Mass Spectrometer Block Diagram

5. Background Mass spectrometry (Mass Spec or MS) uses high energy electrons to break a molecule into fragments. Separation and analysis of the fragments provides information about: – Molecular weight – Structure

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7. ISOTOPES Thallium has two stable isotopes, 203-Tl and 205-Tl. Knowing that the atomic weight of Thallium is 204.4, which isotope is the more abundant of the two?