1. Get Ready for an ERUPTION!!!
Volcanoes

2. Volcanos
Three Types of Volcanos
Shield
Cinder Cone
Composite

3. Land Formations from Lava & Ash
Shield Volcano
Created by hot spots
Gently sloping
Cinder Volcano
Steep
Cone-shaped hill/mountain
Composite Volcano
Tall, cone-shaped mountain
Alternating layers of ash and lava

4. Shield Volcano

5. Shield Volcano

6. Ash cinder and bombs erupt explosively to form a cone shaped hill
Cinder Cone
Ecuador volcanoes, Guagua Pichincha volcano
Ash cinder and bombs erupt explosively to form a cone shaped hill

7. Quiet eruptions alternate with explosive forming layers of lava ash.
Composite
We made a Shield Volcano, a Cinder Cone Volcano and a Stratovolcano (Composite Volcano). We used baking soda and vinegar in the shield volcano, ammonium nitrate and zinc dust in the cinder cone volcano and ammonium dichromate in the stratovolcano. The eruptions were great! These are the products that we used for the cinder cone volcano:  These are the products we used for the stratovolcano:
Category:
Education
License:
Standard YouTube License
Quiet eruptions alternate with explosive forming layers of lava ash.

8. What is a volcano?
A weak spot in the crust where molten material, or magma, comes to the surface
Magma- molten mixture of rock-forming substances, gases & water from the mantle
Lava- Magma that reaches the surface

9. Where are volcanoes located?
Volcanoes can be found:
Diverging Plate boundaries
(mid-ocean ridge)
Converging plates with subduction zones
Oceanic plate vs. oceanic plate
Oceanic Plate vs. Continental plate
Hot Spots
Area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust like a blow torch
Example: Hawaiian Islands

10. What is the Ring of Fire?
Ring of Fire
A circular pattern located around the pacific ocean along the plate boundaries where volcanoes are more common

12. Results of Volcanoes Are constructive: Can be destructive
add new rock to existing land
form new islands
Can be destructive
explosive eruptions changes the landscape of and around the volcano

13. Eruptions Why do volcanoes erupt?
Less dense magma seeps upward through cracks and creates volcanoes
Gas in the magma is trapped and builds pressure
Closer it gets to surface the less pressure it has and the gases separate (bubbles)
Gases dissolve on the surface and magma is carried out

14. Types of Eruptions 2 types: Quiet Lava moves steadily and easily
Explosive
Thick, sticky lava plugs vent like a cork and builds up pressure
Explodes and releases pyroclastic flow
Volcanic ash: fine, rock particles
Cinders: pebble sized particles
Bombs: baseball to car sized particles

15. Land Formations from Lava & Ash
Shield Volcano
Created by hot spots
Gently sloping
Cinder Volcano
Steep
Cone-shaped hill/mountain
Composite Volcano
Tall, cone-shaped mountain
Alternating layers of ash and lava

16. Shield Volcano

17. Ash cinder and bombs erupt explosively to form a cone shaped hill
Cinder Cone
Ecuador volcanoes, Guagua Pichincha volcano
Ash cinder and bombs erupt explosively to form a cone shaped hill

18. Quiet eruptions alternate with explosive forming layers of lava ash.
Composite
We made a Shield Volcano, a Cinder Cone Volcano and a Stratovolcano (Composite Volcano). We used baking soda and vinegar in the shield volcano, ammonium nitrate and zinc dust in the cinder cone volcano and ammonium dichromate in the stratovolcano. The eruptions were great! These are the products that we used for the cinder cone volcano:  These are the products we used for the stratovolcano:
Category:
Education
License:
Standard YouTube License
Quiet eruptions alternate with explosive forming layers of lava ash.

19. Where are volcanoes located?
Volcanoes can be found:
Diverging Plate boundaries (mid-ocean ridge)
Converging plates with subduction zones
Oceanic plate vs. oceanic plate
Hot Spots
Area where magma from deep within the mantle melts through the crust like a blow torch
Example: Hawaiian Islands

20. Types of Rocks Produced
Type of lava produces different types of rocks
Slower Flowing, Thicker, sticky, lighter colored
Rhyolite, Pumice, obsidian
flows readily, dark colored
basalt

21. Silica Content Determines Rock
High Silica –
thicker, sticky, lighter colored
Rhyolite, Pumice, Obsidian
Low silica lava
flows readily, dark colored
Basalt

22. Quiet vs. Explosive – determined by
TYPE OF FLOW
Quiet vs. Explosive – determined by
Percentage (amount) of silica (material made from the elements oxygen and silicon)

23. Stages of a Volcano
Active: (live) erupting or has shown signs that it may erupt In the near future
Dormant: (Sleeping) is not currently erupting but may/can erupt in the future
Extinct: (dead) unlikely to erupt again

24. Other Volcanic Activity
Hot springs
Groundwater is heated by near by magma rising to the surface and collects in natural pools

25. Other Volcanic Activity
Geyser
Rising hot water and steam that gets trapped underground and builds pressure until it sprays to the surface

26. Volcano Games

27. Land Formations from Lava & Ash
Lava Plateaus
Lava moves far from the volcano before cooling which forms high plateaus
Calderas
Huge hole left by the collapse of a volcanic mountain
All magma has been emptied leaving a hollow shell that collapses

28. Land Formations from Magma
Volcanic Neck: magma hardens in the volcanoes pipes and the soft rock wears away
Dike: magma that was forced across rock layers hardens and the soft rock wears away
Sill: magma that squeezed between rock layers hardens and the soft rock wears away

29. Land Formations from Magma
Batholith
Mass of rock formed when a large body of magma cools in the crust
Dome Mountains
Rising magma is blocked by horizontal rock layers and forces the rock layers to bend upward into a dome shape and then the soft rock wears away

30. T= Volcanoes TYPES LOCATION (s) ROCKS FORMED/LAVA FLOW
-- Shield - layers of lava- gradual hill - quiet
-- Composite – Quiet/Explosive – layers ash and lava
-- Cinder Cone – Quick Formation - Explosive
LOCATION (s)
-- Hot Spots
-- Ring of Fire (Convergent Boundary)
-- Divergent Boundary (MOR-Mid Oceanic Ridge)
--Island Arc (Convergent oceanic oceanic boundary)
ROCKS FORMED/LAVA FLOW
-- Pyroclastic Flow – Cinder, Ash, Rock, Pumice, gases
-- Pahoehoe – fast – low silica- low viscosity
-- Aa – slow moving, high silica – high viscosity
-- Pumice – Light and airy- from explosive eruptions
-- Obsidian – more dense and smooth
-- Basalt – low silica lava flow

31. T= VoLCAnoes con’t
FLOW & What determines it? --

32. PARTS OF A VOLCANO --