1. MARC 21 Bibliographic Format Field 083, Racially Mixed People, and DDC Table 5 Ethnic and National Groups Julianne Beall The Ethics of Information Organization May 22, 2009

2. Outline The Challenge of the Self-identity Principle Table 5 in the Context of DDC as a Whole MARC 21 Bibliographic Format Field 083 Mapping Subject Headings to Table 5 Notation DeweyBrowser beta v2.0, Tag Clouds, Table 5 Conclusion: Part (i) Terminology and Part (ii) Retrieval

3. Maria P. P. Roots A Bill of Rights for Racially Mixed People I have the right to identify myself differently than strangers expect me to identify to identify myself differently than how my parents identify me to identify myself differently in different situations I have the right to create a vocabulary to communicate about being multiracial to change my identity over my lifetimeand more than once

4. Jonathan Furner: The Challenge of the Self- identity Principle (1) Designers of library catalogs and classification schemes have a responsibility to ensure: (i) terminology used to represent racially mixed people reflects the terminology used by racially mixed searchers to identify themselves (ii) works about racially mixed people can be retrieved in any of four ways that they may identify themselves

5. Jonathan Furner: The Challenge of the Self- identity Principle (2) Racially mixed people may identify themselves: 1. with racially mixed people generally; 2. with racially mixed people particularly; 3. with several racial populations equally; or 4. with one racial population separately.

6. Table 5 Notation in the Context of DDC as a Whole Appears at the end of a standard Dewey number, or embedded in the middle May be omitted if the number is long Various rules may prevent Table 5 notation from being added, e.g., requirement that the topic approximate the whole Can never be added for literary works by individual authors

7. Quicksand by Nella Larsen (1) LCSH in WorldCat: Harlem (New York, N.Y.) Fiction African American women Fiction Racially mixed people Fiction Danish American women Fiction Copenhagen (Denmark) Fiction Young women Fiction

8. Quicksand by Nella Larsen (2) 813.52 American fiction in English, 1900-1945 81 American literature in English 3 Fiction (from Table 3A) 52 1900–1945 (from literary period table under 810.1–818)

9. MARC 21 Bibliographic Format Field 083 Provision for assignment of access numbers (additional DDC numbers, notation from Tables 1–6, internal table notation) in bibliographic records 083 - Additional Dewey Decimal Classification Number (R) Added in Update No. 9 (October 2008) OCLC expects to implement in WorldCat in August 2009

10. Quicksand by Nella Larsen (3) 08200$a 813/.52 $2 22 0830#$z 5 $a 05 $2 22 0830#$z 5 $a 3981073 $2 22 0830#$z 5 $a 96073 $2 22 0830#$z 5 $a 059607303981073 $2 22

11. Quicksand by Nella Larsen (4) 0830#$z 5 $a 05 $2 22 05Persons of mixed ancestry with ethnic origins from more than one continent (from Table 5)

12. Quicksand by Nella Larsen (5) 0830#$z 5 $a 3981073 $2 22 3981073Danish Americans (built Table 5 notation) 3981Danes (from Table 5) 0Facet indicator as instructed at start of Table 5 73United States (from Table 2)

13. Quicksand by Nella Larsen (6) 0830#$z 5 $a 96073 $2 22 96073African Americans (United States Blacks) (from Table 5)

14. Quicksand by Nella Larsen (7) 0830#$z 5 $a 059607303981073 $2 22 059607303981073African-American-Danish- Americans (built Table 5 notation) 05Persons of mixed ancestry with ethnic origins from more than one continent (from Table 5) 96073African Americans (United States Blacks) (from Table 5)

15. Quicksand by Nella Larsen (8) 0830#$z 5 $a 059607303981073 $2 22 0Facet indicator as instructed at 05 in Table 5 3981Danes (from Table 5) 0Facet indicator as instructed at start of Table 5 73United States (from Table 2)

16. Mapping Subject Headings to Table 5 Notation Mapping as basis for adding Table 5 notation in 083 fields of bibliographic records Example: 951 Chinese (from Table 5) 0830#$z 5 $a 951 $2 22 Most of the ca. 1000 LCSH headings with the word Chinese do not focus on Chinese people

17. LCSH that Might Be Mapped to Table 5 Notation 951 Chinese African Americans Relations with Chinese Authors, Chinese Chinese Chinese diaspora Chinese diaspora in literature Chinese in literature Chinese students National characteristics, Chinese

18. DeweyBrowser beta v2.0 and Table 5 The DDC summaries are presented in a tag cloud (without notation) in DeweyBrowser beta v2.0, available at http://deweybrowser.oclc.org/ddcbrowser2/ http://deweybrowser.oclc.org/ddcbrowser2/ Table 5 topics might be presented in an alternative tag cloud of terms

20. Table 5 Topics and Tag Clouds Some broad Table 5 topics would be useful in a tag cloud, e.g., North American native peoples Others would be skipped, e.g., Other Indo-European peoples Narrower topics could be promoted to the opening tag cloud in place of the skipped topics, e.g., Irish Captions could be modified, e.g., Racially mixed people for Table 5 notation 05

24. Conclusion: Part (i) of the Challenge: Terminology Present multiple names for the same Table 5 topic in a tag cloud? No! Then we cannot allow each searcher to search on that individuals preferred term Maybe some day a searcher will be able to personalize the names of the tags in a tag cloud

25. Conclusion: Part (ii) of the Challenge: Retrieval Creative use of Table 5 notation in the MARC Bibliographic format 083 field can improve retrieval Searchers who identify (1) with racially mixed people generally and (4) with one racial population separately will fare best Searchers who identify (3) with several racial populations equally will probably be willing to do successive searches Searchers who identify (2) with racially mixed people particularly will need to use Boolean searches