1. SIMS and RBS analysis of the recent 13 CH 4 experiment J. Likonen, P. Coad, A. Hakola, D. Hole, M. Rubel, J. Strachan, A. Widdowson Joint TFE-SEWG meeting on Material Migration and Material Mixing JET, Culham, 8 July, 2009

2. VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND VTT 2 t Post-mortem analysis t Experiment in 2004 and 2007 t Recent results (SIMS, RBS) t EDGE2D results t Conclusions Outline

3. VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND VTT 3 TRANSPORT MARKERS and ANALYSIS Dedicated marker experiments (2001, 2004, 2007) t Gas injection 13 CH 4 t Marker-coated tiles Distribution on tiles determined by ex- situ analysis: t Accelerator-based Ion Beam Analysis –Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy –Nuclear reaction analysis t Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

4. VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND VTT 4 Probe 1.4x10 17 Hf 4.29x10 23 13 C at 4.5x10 21 B at Main plasma: t I p =1.2 MA t B t =-1.2T, t n e = 7.8x10 19 m -3 t H-mode discharges t 32 good shots (63405- 63445) t DOC-L configuration Analysed until now: collector probe two sets of divertor tiles four OPL and IWGL tiles Tracer injection on the last operation day of C14 (2004)

5. VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND VTT 5 Probe 9.3x10 22 13 C at Main plasma: t I p =1.6 MA t B t =-1.6T, t n e = 1.1x10 20 m -3 t H-mode discharges t 18 good shots (70725- 70750) t Puffing through GIM6 Analysed until now: one set of divertor tiles 4 OPL and IWGL tiles collector probe not available Tracer injection on the last operation day of C19 (2007)

6. VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND VTT 6 Tile 1: Steep 13 C profiles. Tiles 3, 4 and 6: Broad 13 C profiles with a slow decay. Tiles 7 and 8: Relatively steep 13 C profiles. SIMS depth profiles of 13 C (2007 experiment)

7. VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND VTT 7 Examples of RBS spectra (outer divertor, 2007) Be 12 C O 13 C SS D 13 C: 9 at.%, 2.6x10 17 at/cm 2

8. VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND VTT 8 Examples of RBS spectra (inner divertor, 2007) Be 12 C O 13 C SS No 13 C (cannot be determined because of O)

9. VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND VTT 9 Examples of RBS spectra (inner divertor, 2007) layerD (at. %) Be (at. %) 12 C (at. %) 13 C (at. %) O (at. %) Cr (at. %) 132635332 252244281 3218115 ?1 Composition determined with SIMNRA

10. VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND VTT 10 13 C distribution (2007) s=0

11. VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND VTT 11 Comparison of 13 C experiments Experiment200120042007 InjectionTop of the vessel Outer divertor (between tiles 7 and 8)Outer mid-plane Tile 13 C amount (% of total input) 13 C amount (% of total input) 13 C amount (% of total input) 13 C amount (% of total input) 121.02.72.26.7 324.00.50.71.0 40.83.83.22.5 60.12.5 2.7 70.310.915.44.1 8<0.16.10.90.8 SRP1.8 OPL0.61.4 total46.226.527.319.2

12. VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND VTT 12 EDGE2D simulations of 13 C transport (C14, 2004) Migration Channels 13 C deposition J.D. Strachan, J. Likonen, P. Coad, et al., NF 48 (2008) 105002

13. VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND VTT 13 EDGE2D simulations of 13 C transport (C19, 2007) EDGE2D: 13 C migrating through the SOL to the inner divertor deposits above the inner strike point. Erosion is required in the simulations to explain small amounts of 13 C near the inner and outer strike points. A multi-step recycling model was used at the outer divertor. Deposits in the private flux region (PRF) originate from the outer target: walking to the outer strike point and then travelling as neutrals to the PFR as ions to the inner strike point, where they undergo further erosion to become neutrals and deposit on the PFR. EDGE2D results still very PRELIMINARY. EDGE2D results not in agreement with SIMS and RBS data especially on tiles 3 and 8.

14. VTT TECHNICAL RESEARCH CENTRE OF FINLAND VTT 14 Conclusions 18% of the puffed 13 C amount found on the divertor tiles with SIMS. SIMS and RBS results agree well with each other. Highest amount of 13 C on Tile 1. EDGE2D results still very PRELIMINARY. EDGE2D results not in agreement with SIMS and RBS data especially on tiles 3 and 8.