1. Agriscience Applications
Plant Science
Agriscience Applications

2. Careers in Plant Science
Objective:
Investigate career opportunities related to plant science industries

3. Careers in Plant Science
Career Areas:
Forest Careers
Growing, managing and harvesting trees for wood and its by-products
Horticulture Careers
Floriculture- flower production and use
Landscape and nursery- plants used around homes and businesses for aesthetic purposes

4. Careers in Plant Science
Forest Careers
Forester
Helps with the science of growing trees
Forest Ranger
Management of forest including fire prevention
Logging Foreman
Supervise the harvesting of trees

5. Careers in Plant Science
Floriculture (Horticulture)
Floral designer
Flower grower
Greenhouse manager
Retail florist
Wholesale florist

6. Careers in Plant Science
Landscaping and nursery (Horticulture)
Greenskeeper- cares for golf courses
Landscaper- installs plants
Landscape architect
Nursery operator- grows trees and shrubs
Turf farmer- grows turf (grass) for sale

7. Plant Parts and Functions
Objective:
Explain the function of major plant parts as related to plant growth and health

8. Plants
Composed of many parts
Roots
Steams
Leaves
Flowers

9. Roots Often the largest part of the plant Adventitious roots
Squash can have miles of roots
Adventitious roots
Found in places unexpected
Poison ivy
Mistletoe

10. Root Two types of systems Taproot- main root that usually grows down
Carrots
Fibrous roots- thin, hair like, and numerous
Grass
Corn

11. Root Tissue Root cap- outermost part of a root
Tough cells that penetrate the soil
Pushes through soil partials

12. Roots Area of cell division Area of cell elongation
Allows roots to grow longer
New cell replace worn away cells
Area of cell elongation
Between the root cap and the plan base
Cells become longer
Cells become specialized

13. Roots
Xylem
Carries water and nutrients to the upper portion of the plant
Phloem
Pipeline
Carries food to the roots
Food is stored in the roots

14. Roots Areas of cell maturation Where cells mature Root hairs emerge
Develop on the surface of the root
Absorb water and nutrients
Damaged easily
Cannot be replaced

15. Stems Support leaves, flowers, fruit Types of stems: Other stems:
Woody
Herbaceous
Other stems:
Bulbs (onions)
Rhizomes (wiregrass)
Tubers (potato)

16. Carbon dioxide + water = sugar + oxygen
Leaves
Manufactures food for the plant
Converts sunlight into food
Photosynthesis
Light
Carbon dioxide + water = sugar + oxygen

17. Leaves Help in the identification of plants
Leaf margins
Shape and size varies with each species
Simple leaves
Compound leaves

19. Flowers Functions to produce seeds Types of flowers Pollination
Perfect (both male and female)
Imperfect
Pollination
The union of pollen with the female part of the flower

20. Assignment
Using pages 274 to 289 write a definition of the following terms in your notebook:
Root cap
Root hairs
Woody
Fruit
Vegetable
Perfect flower
Herbaceous
Stoma
Bulbs
Rhizomes
Node
Internode
Simple leaves
guard cells
Imperfect flower
Cuticle

21. Photosynthesis
Objective: Explore the photosynthesis process as related to growth and development of a plant

22. Process Light energy is connected to chemical energy
Chloroplast contains chlorophyll
Simple sugars are made (glucose)
Carbon dioxide is used
Oxygen is produced

23. Photosynthesis 6CO2+12H2O C6H12O2+6O2 Glucose Oxygen Carbon Dioxide
Water
Glucose
Oxygen
6CO2+12H2O C6H12O2+6O2

24. Slowing Photosynthesis
Low Carbon dioxide
Greenhouse
Carbon dioxide generators

25. Slowing Photosynthesis
Low Light
Dark rooms
Light intensity matters
Temperature
Best at degrees Fahrenheit
Extreme temps can stop photosynthesis

26. Respiration Food is used Energy is released Oxygen is used
Carbon dioxide is produced
Occurs in both light and dark

27. Transpiration Release of water vapor from the stomata
90% of the water entering the roots
10% is used in chemical processes
Functions:
cooling
transportation
maintaining turgor pressure

28. Plant Reproduction
Objective: Describe flower and seed parts, including their function

29. Plant Reproduction Two types of propagation: Sexual Asexual
use of seed for reproducing plants
only way to obtain new varieties and hybrid vigor
often least expensive and quickest
Asexual
vegetative
exact duplicate

30. Parts of the Flower Stamen (male part) Filament
Anther- manufactures pollen
Pollen- male sexual reproductive cell

31. Parts of the Flower Pistil (female part) Stigma- receives the pollen
Style- connection to the ovary
Ovary- contains the ovules or female reproductive cells

32. Parts of the Flower Petals (corolla) Colored part of the flower
Attract insects or other natural pollinators

33. Parts of the Flower Pollen Stamen (Male) Anther Filament Stigma
Style Pistil (Female)
Ovary

34. Flower Parts
Anther
Filament

35. The Seed Parts of the seed: Seed Coat offers protection
Endosperm supplies food for the seed
Embryo is the young plant

36. Germination The seed starts to sprout and grow
Requires four environmental factors:
Water
Air
Light
Temperature

37. Environmental Factors
Water imbibition (absorption of water)
Tough seed coat
Scarifying seeds
Air is needed for respiration
Seeds are viable or alive

38. Environmental Factors
Light
Some seeds need light while others do not
Seeds must have the right temperature to germinate

39. Asexual Propagation Cutting vegetative parts of the plant:
leaf cuttings
root cuttings
stem cuttings
layering
grafting
T-budding
tissue culture (micropropagation)

40. Stem Cutting

41. Assignment
Complete the Self Evaluation on page 331 to 333 sections A to D. For section D make all “False” answers true.

42. Soil and Plant Media
Objective: Analyze basic soil and media requirements for growth of agricultural crops

43. Soil and Plant Media Soil is the top layer of the earth's surface
Sphagunm moss
root growth
Perlite
volcanic glass
starting new plants
media mixes

44. Soil and Plant Media Vermiculite mineral mica-type material
stating plant seeds
cuttings
media mixes

45. Soil and Plant Media
Peat Moss
used in media mixes

46. Soil pH Improper pH affects availability of nutrients
limits plant intake
Alkaline
Acid
Neutral 2 5 7 8 10

47. Change to acidic by adding sulfer or aluminum sulfate
Amending soil pH
High Alkalinity
Change to acidic by adding sulfer or aluminum sulfate

48. Change to more alkaline by adding lime
Amending soil pH
High Acid
Change to more alkaline by adding lime

49. Amending soil pH
Lime is usually applied as finely ground dolomitic limestone
calcium
magnesium

50. Fertilizers
Objective: Explain nutrient requirements and soil amendments needed for growth of agricultural crops

51. Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium
Fertilizers
N-P-K
Nitrogen-Phosphorus-Potassium
Example:

52. Fertilizers
Fertilizers must become soluble (liquid form) before they can be used by plants
Organic fertilizers
Manure
Bone meal (phosphorus)
Soybean meal

53. Fertilizers Organic fertilizers Inorganic slow acting long lasting
lacking some primary nutrients
Inorganic
High level of nutrients

54. Plant ID for Agriscience
Plant Identification
Plant ID for Agriscience

55. Chlorophytum comosum COMMON NAME: Spider plant
FOLIAGE: arching leaves with cascading wiry stems
FLOWERS: small white flowers
ID FEATURE: many times will contain tiny plantlets at the apex of leaves

56. Chlorophytum comosum

57. Euphorbia pulcherrima
COMMON NAME: Poinsettia
FORM: shrub
FOLIAGE: large alternate leaves with or without teeth on the margin
FLOWER: cup-shaped flowers in a cluster above the showy red, pink, or creamy leaf bracts with a large yellow gland on the rim of the flower

58. Euphorbia pulcherrima

59. Euphorbia pulcherrima
Red petals are actually bracts, not flowers.

60. Hedera helix COMMON NAME: English Ivy
FORM: a vine climbing by aerial rootlets or a prostrate groundcover
FOLIAGE: leaves are dark green with white veins, leathery evergreen foliage, alternate leaf arrangement, 1.5 to 4” long, juvenile leaves are 3 to 5 lobed and adult leaves are not lobed

61. Hedera helix

62. Hedera helix

63. Liriope muscari COMMON NAME: Liriope
FORM: grass-like perennial 12 to 18 inch tall clumps
FOLIAGE: strap-like, arching, glossy, dark green leaves (to 1” wide)
FLOWERS: erect, showy flower spikes with tiered whorls of dense, violet-purple flowers

64. Liriope muscari

65. Liriope muscari

66. Nephrolepis exaltata COMMON NAME: Boston Fern
FORM: evergreen fern, up to 5 feet tall
Reproduces by spores located on the bottom side of leaves

67. Nephrolepis exaltata

68. Nephrolepis exaltata

69. Philodendron scandens
COMMON NAME: Parlor Ivy
FORM: trailing growth form
FOLIAGE: Heart shaped, glossy, dark green leaves, 4” long and 3” wide

70. Philodendron scandens

71. Saintpaulia ionantha COMMON NAME: African violet
FORM: from miniature varieties of 4 inches wide, to large varieties more than 15 inches wide
FOLIAGE: large, flat, succulent, pubescent leaves
FLOWERS: varies in color from pink, white, blue, red and bicolor

72. Saintpaulia ionantha

73. Saintpaulia ionantha

74. Saintpaulia ionantha

75. Spathiphyllum cv. COMMON NAME: Peace Lily FORM: perennial herb
FOLIAGE: leaves are basal, elongated, pointed at both ends dark green with conspicuously indented veins
FLOWERS: small on spadix surrounded by a white or greenish, flat or concave spathe

76. Spathiphyllum cv.

77. Spathiphyllum cv.

78. Tradescantia zebrina COMMON NAME: Purple Wandering Jew
FORM: trailing vine-like plant, vines can grow to several feet in length
FOLIAGE: 2” wide and 4”long leaves that are purple with silver stripes

79. Tradescantia zebrina

80. Tradescantia zebrina

81. This is actually a green variety of wandering jew.
Tradescantia zebrina
This is actually a green variety of wandering jew.

82. Viola X wittrockiana COMMON NAME: pansy
FORM: low, bushy growing habit with a height of .25 to .75 feet tall and a width of .5 to .75 feet
FLOWERS: white, yellow, black, brown, lavender, purple, blue, pink, often with blotches that resemble animals’ faces

83. Viola X wittrockiana

84. Viola X wittrockiana

85. Viola X wittrockiana