1. Fragments & Run-on sentences
Grammar
Fragments & Run-on sentences
Goal for Lesson 12:
You will learn to identify fragment
sentences.
2. You will vary sentence lengths to
prevent run-on sentences.

2. Fragments & Run-on Sentences
Grammar
Fragments & Run-on Sentences
What are they?
Sentence Fragment:
A fragment does not have both
parts of a sentence. It will be
missing a subject or a
predicate-verb.
What is a subject? What is a verb or predicate?

3. Run-on Sentence:
Sentences are run-ons only when
they contain more than one
complete idea. They can be short
or long sentences.

4. Fragments & Run-on Sentences
Grammar
Fragments & Run-on Sentences
Remember:
A correct sentence must have a
subject and a verb.
Example of fragment:
Hurt my leg.
Review the words to discuss meaning. Move to next slide putting them into context. When do you know which meaning is the correct one?
Even though it begins with a capital
and ends with punctuation,

5. it is not a correct sentence. It has no subject. Who hurt their leg?
Grammar
it is not a correct sentence. It has no subject. Who hurt their leg?
Example of a run-on:
People play different sports
everywhere and in different places
they play different sports it depends
on many things like weather and
location.
Review the words to discuss meaning. Move to next slide putting them into context. When do you know which meaning is the correct one?

6. Even though it begins with a capital and ends with punctuation,
Grammar
Even though it begins with a
capital and ends with punctuation,
it is not a correct sentence!
People play different sports
everywhere and in different places they play different sports it depends on many things like weather and location.
Review the words to discuss meaning. Move to next slide putting them into context. When do you know which meaning is the correct one?

7. Let’s change it to make it work! Observe where the punctuation
Grammar
Let’s change it to make it work!
Observe where the punctuation
was added. What changed?
People play different sports
Everywhere. And In different places they play different sports. The sport It depends on many things like weather and location.
Review the words to discuss meaning. Move to next slide putting them into context. When do you know which meaning is the correct one?

8. (group of words with the verb). Ex. I + love to read.
Grammar
Fragments & Run-on Sentences
A sentence is a group of words that makes sense. It must have a subject and a verb or a predicate,
(group of words with the verb).
Ex. I + love to read.
When we are writing sentences we need to remember to always make sure we have the subject and the verb or predicate or it will not make sense.

9. A fragment does not make sense and leaves the reader
wondering what the sentence is trying to say. It does not have a subject or a verb or a
predicate, (group of words with the verb).
Did you know the word fragment
means a piece of something?

10. Example:
Looking at the sunset.
There is no subject for this to be a sentence.
How could we change it to make it a sentence?

11. Fragments & Run-on sentences
Grammar
Fragments & Run-on sentences
When we are writing sentences we need to remember to always make sure we have the subject and the verb or predicate or it will not make sense.

12. Put into the fenced off area.
Fixing Fragments
Directions: We will identify what is
missing, the subject or the verb/
predicate. We will turn them into
sentences.
The wild horses.
Lived on the island.
This is very good practice for you to do. When you are writing you will soon discover that this process will help you to write complete sentences. If you can identify the subject & the predicate you will know your sentence is complete.
Verb/predicate
Put into the fenced off area.
Dogs were
Subject

13. Subject?
Playing in the water.
The children were playing in the
water.
Subject?
Fell to the ground.
The fruit fell to the ground.
The flock of birds.
Verb/predicate?
The flock of birds hovered over the beach.

14. Fragments & Run-on Sentences
When you keep your subject and
verb together, you can be sure your
sentence will make sense.
Subject + Verb = Sentence

15. Directions: How will we correct the run-on sentence below?
Run-on Sentences
Directions: How will we correct the
run-on sentence below?
1. The man continued to work hard in the field and it rained and rained it did not let up for a minute he was soaked and tired I could tell from his face.
Punctuation will need to be added to fix a run-on sentence. However, sometimes you need to add words to make the split so that they are complete sentences. Remember each sentence needs to have a subject and a predicate.
Can you locate them both when you change the run-on sentence?
Find where new punctuation can be added to make more than one sentence.

16. 1. The man continued to work hard in the field. It rained and rained
1. The man continued to work hard in the field. It rained and rained! It did not let up for a minute! He was soaked and tired. I could tell from his face he was ready to quit.
Can you see how to change it?

17. Did you know run-on sentences can be short, too?
Ex. She walked I ran.
Ex. She walked. I ran.
Why would these 2 small sentences be considered a run on sentence without the separation by a period?
Punctuation will need to be added to fix a run-on sentence. However, sometimes you need to add words to make the split so that they are complete sentences. Remember each sentence needs to have a subject and a predicate.
Can you locate them both when you change the run-on sentence?

18. Punctuation will need to be added to fix a run-on sentence
Punctuation will need to be added to fix a run-on sentence. However, sometimes you need to add words to make the split so that they make complete sentences. Remember each sentence needs to have a subject and a predicate. Can you locate them both when you change the run-on sentence?

19. Run-on Sentences
Directions: How will we correct the run-on sentence? Find where new punctuation can be added to make more than one sentence.
The sun beat down on the hot pavement there was no shade anywhere we were going to need protection soon or we were going to burn badly.
Put the punctuation where it seems to make the most sense. This helps highlight important parts you want to stress. Varying the sentence lengths makes for a better way to express your ideas, too! This is what we will review next.

20. Fixing Run-on Sentences
2. The sun beat down on the hot pavement. There was no shade anywhere! We were going to need protection soon or we were going to burn badly.
What did we change?

21. Grammar
Varying Sentence Length:
Adding sentence variety to your
writing makes it interesting to read.
It will highlight what you want to
emphasize using shorter sentences.
However, most sentences are not
too short or too long, but medium
in length.

22. Grammar
Varying Sentence Length:
Short Sentences: Short sentences
present one idea clearly, a few well
placed short sentences can add
emphasis.
For example: I was lost!

23. Varying Sentence Length:
Grammar
Varying Sentence Length:
Medium Sentences: Medium
sentences add some details that are
important to the subject or predicate.
For example: The howling wind
whistled through every crack in the
house making it sound like an
instrument in need of tuning badly.
Simple sentence: The wind whistled
through the house.

24. Varying Sentence Length:
Grammar
Varying Sentence Length:
Lengthy Sentences: Lengthier sentences add separate clauses that can be divided by colons, commas, and usually are long for a specific purpose based on the subject or
predicate.

25. Example of a lengthy sentence that
is effective:
That left her, of course, in a state of extreme joy, which the family took great care to celebrate with her, so her joy would be contagious to all who knew her.

26. Grammar
Putting it into Practice
Practice: Identifying Run-On Sentences
Read the following sentences aloud and see how they sound. Which ones are correct sentences and which ones are run-ons?
1. Books are very popular gifts for special occasions most kids love getting them.

27. 2. It would be difficult to find a boy or a girl who wouldn't love to get a computer as a gift.
3. Jane wanted to find a bargain she finally found one on the sale rack.
4. If you do a lot of careful shopping, both in local stores and on the Internet, you can usually find a bargain.

28. Varying Sentence Length:
Grammar
Varying Sentence Length:
5. Holiday shopping is the time when bargains are easy to find Jany found this to be true.
Were you able to find the run-ons?
They are sentences 1, 3, and 5.

29. Varying Sentence Length:
Grammar
Varying Sentence Length:
Were you able to locate the correct
sentences?
Sentences 2 and 4 are correct grammatical sentences.
Can you now fix the three run-ons and
make them into correct sentences?

30. Grammar
Varying Sentence Length:
Books are very popular gifts for special
occasions. Most kids love getting them.
3. Jane wanted to find a bargain. She
finally found one on the sale rack.
5. Holiday shopping is the time when
bargains are easy to find. Jany found
this to be true.

31. Grammar
Putting it into Practice
Read the following passage: Genesis 1:1-31, The Message
Respond in your journal on the
following:
What is the main idea of this passage? (Make sure you support your opinion by using the text!)

32. 2. How did the writer of this passage use different sentence lengths to communicate to the reader?
3. Were there any short sentences used to emphasize a point? Explain.
4. Edit your journal entry for sentence structure and sentence lengths. How did you do?

33. Good-Bye, until next time!
I look forward to teaching you more about good sentence structure in lesson 13.
Until then, keep practicing and remember to enjoy reading while you do the CROPQV!
Good-Bye, until next time!