1. Ann Zimmerman 1075 Beal Ave. Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2112 asz@@umich.edu The Local Goes Global How do data come to be shared? Ann Zimmerman Research Assistant Professor ASIST Data Summit, April 10, 2010

2. Ann Zimmerman 1075 Beal Avenue Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2112 asz@umich.edu Data collections Research Community Reference

3. Ann Zimmerman 1075 Beal Avenue Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2112 asz@umich.edu Local projectSharePublishCreate Reference Collection

4. Ann Zimmerman 1075 Beal Avenue Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2112 asz@umich.edu Why is it hard to share data? Why is data sharing more common in some fields than others?

5. Science- based Technical Organizational Social Legal Political

6. Ann Zimmerman 1075 Beal Avenue Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2112 asz@umich.edu THE LOCAL GOES GLOBAL: SOME EXAMPLES

7. Ann Zimmerman 1075 Beal Avenue Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2112 asz@umich.edu Implications Who is involved What count as data What gets shared

8. Ann Zimmerman 1075 Beal Avenue Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2112 asz@umich.edu

9. Step 1: Scientist publishes a a paper in a journal. Step 2: A data curator scans journals for data, extracts data and descriptive information, and enters it all into a computer. Step 3: Data are integrated with other data into one database and made available to anyone via the Internet. Step 4: Other people use the data. They provide input that results in additions of new types of data or corrections to the database.

10. Step 1: Scientist publishes a a paper in a journal. Step 2: Scientist submits the data associated with the paper to a repository as a requirement of publication. Step 3: Data are integrated with other data into one database and made available to anyone via the Internet. Step 4: Other people use the data. They provide input that results in additions of new types of data or corrections to the database.

11. Step 1: Individuals get together to decide upon standard data collection protocols. Step 2: Every laboratory uses the agreed upon methods to collect data. Step 3: Data are integrated and made available to anyone via the Internet. Step 4: Other people use the data. They provide input that influences how new data are collected or that result in corrections to existing data.

12. Ann Zimmerman 1075 Beal Avenue Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2112 asz@umich.edu Implications Who is involved What count as data What gets shared

13. Ann Zimmerman 1075 Beal Avenue Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2112 asz@umich.edu THE LOCAL STRUGGLES TO GO GLOBAL

14. Ann Zimmerman 1075 Beal Avenue Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2112 asz@umich.edu Materials science data Images Graphs Spectra Columns of numbers

15. Ann Zimmerman 1075 Beal Avenue Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2112 asz@umich.edu Shared Needs Long term access to data Finding data later Understanding the context of the data to use it in a meaningful way Accessing data, and information about data, from multiple locations

16. Ann Zimmerman 1075 Beal Avenue Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2112 asz@umich.edu Open Questions What makes it hard to share data? How does the state of data affect sharing? What makes documentation sufficient for reuse?

17. Ann Zimmerman 1075 Beal Avenue Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2112 asz@umich.edu Developing Capacity Open Data IGERT (Margaret Hedstrom) http://opendata.si.umich.edu i-School Masters programs

18. Ann Zimmerman 1075 Beal Avenue Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2112 asz@umich.edu Acknowledgments Data Summit organizers & attendees Research participants Dharma Akmon & Morgan Daniels, PhD students, UM School of Information NSF Grants OCI 0724300 and IIS 0085981 (Gary Olson, PI)