1. Protoplanet Theory Earths Interior Layers Formation of oceans and continents

2. Vocabulary Crust-The outer layer of the Earth Mantle-The thick portion of Earth's structure in between the crust and the core Outer core-The heated section of the Earth located in between the mantle and the inner core Inner core-The deepest, innermost section of Earth's structure made up of extremely hot iron and nickel

3. Vocabulary Continued Lithosphere-The outer layer of Earth's structure made up of the crust and solid parts of the mantle Asthenosphere-The layer below the lithosphere that is made up of the rest of the mantle that has rocks that are only partially melted

4. Vocabulary Continued Silicates-A mineral made with silicon and oxygen that makes up most of Earth's crust Protoplanet Theory- The idea of a rotating cloud of dust creating the Solar System

5. Notes: Earths Interior Layers ● Crust- The thin rocky crust, is the outer layer of the earth, and is about 22 km thick. ● Mantle-The mantle is the second layer of the earth structure, it is comprised of two parts the upper solid parts of the mantle called the lithosphere floats on the softer bottom layer called the asthenosphere, all together the mantle is about 3000km thick.

6. Continued... ● Outer Core-The outer core, which is around 2200km thick, is molten rock which rotates around the core causing earth's magnetic field. ● Inner Core-The earth's inner core, which is 1250 km thick, is the hottest layer but the pressure is so great that it does not melt.

7. Protoplanet Theory ● A rotating cloud of dust starts to collapse. Then an instability in the cloud causes the dust to form balls. ● The the balls collide to form even bigger balls. ● One ball becomes big and hot enough to become a star. The star final sucks all the gas to the inner part of the solar system to form the planets while the rest of the dust is blown away.

8. Formation of oceans and continents ● 200 million years ago there was the super continent of pangea. ● This was formed most likely by volcanic outbursts between 2.5 and 3 million years ago where around 70% of the land mass was formed. ● At this tie the rest of the earth was covered with water. ● Then 180 years ago pangea broke into two parts. The north had North America, Europe, and Asia in it.

9. continued... ● The southern had Africa, South America, India, Australia, and Antarctica in it. Then 135 million years ago the individual continent broke apart and moved to there current positions over millions of years, and they are still moving today.

10. Historical Information ● The Earth was created about 4.54 billion years ago ● Material like iron sank to the core of the earth and lighter silicates and water rose to the surface. ● At one point the Earth's surface consisted of only molten lava. ● David Stevenson was one of the people who helped discover about the structure of the earth and how the Earth was created.

11. Real Life Applications ● Geoscientists take care of Earth's resources and environment. ● They work to understand natural happenings on Earth and other planets. ● They investigate the land, oceans, and atmosphere on Earth ● They can help in predicting weather and finding new useful materials on Earth ● Geoscientists are important scientists who help our world discover new things about Earth's history and future

12. demonstration Fill out, and label the diagram of the earths structure.

13. Bibliography Blanchard, Donald. "The Making of a Supercontinent." Novermber 2005. 3 Oct 2007. "structure of the Earth." structure of the Earth. Auguest 14, 1998. 3 Oct 2007. "structure of the earth." The Southern California Integrated GPS Network Education Module. 8/14/98. LLC, Maggie Glasscoe. 3 Oct 2007. " dictionary results." dictionary.com. 2007. Lexico Publishing Group. 3 Oct 2007. " Careers in Geoscience." Careers in Geoscience. is not given. American Geological Institute, and American Association of Petroleum Geologists. 3 Oct 2007.