1. National Governments and National Environmental Policy Global Environmental Policy - Module 2: National Environmental Policy

2. Governments Business and Industry NGOs and Communities Module 1: Global Environmental Policy Module 2: National Environmental Policy Module 3: Local Environmental Policy Seminar Matrix Today

3. National Governments and Sustainability MEAs* UN Agencies International Conferences National Governments Action at the local level NGOs Universities Business and Industry Mass Media * MEAs = Multilateral Environmental Agreements

4. Ｉ n a capitalist market economy, governments intervene to: Eliminate unfair advantages/monopolies Manage public spaces Mitigate pollution Provide safety nets Provide social services

5. Along with the general public and the industry, governments are responsible for policy making. Policy is one path to solving environmental problems.

6. Conduct and evaluate research Monitor environmental quality Set and enforce standards (e.g., for pollutants) Assist local governments in meeting standards Educate the public Seminar Matrix

7. National Governments : What can they do? Governance Education Technology National Governments Laws, legislation, rules, regulations, monitoring and evaluation, Awareness, courses, seminars, publications, manuals, public dialogue, Tech development, skills, finance and subsidies, capacity,

8. National Governments : GOVERNANCE Governance Education Technology Basic Laws Laws Some focus on everyone! Other laws specifically focus on: Companies Business and trade Local governments Etc. Consumers/Citizens

9. National Governments : GOVERNANCE Governance Education Technology Basic Laws Basic Environment Law Japan Environment Corporation Law Environmental Impact Assessment Law Kankyo Kihon Keikaku to build a environmentally sound material cycle, where environmental load by human activities are minimized to secure a harmonious coexistence between humankind and diverse wildlife and natural environment to enhance participation of all the members of society in environmental conservation activities to enhance their international activities.

10. Governance Education Technology Material Reduction Basic Law for Establishing a Recycling-Based Society Law Concerning the Promotion of Procurement of Eco-Friendly Goods and Services by the State and Other Entities Law for Promotion of Effective Utilization of Recyclable Resources Law for Promotion of Sorted Collection and Recycling of Containers and Packaging Law for Recycling of Specified Kinds of Home Appliances Food Recycling Law Construction Materials Recycling Act Waste Management (Disposal) and Public Cleansing Law Law for the Control of Export, Import and Others of Specified Hazardous Wastes and Other Wastes National Governments : GOVERNANCE Laws

11. National Governments: GOVERNANCE Governance Education Technology Earth / Ecology Overview of Laws Concerning Natural Environment Conservation Law Concerning the Promotion of Measures to Cope with Global Warming Law Concerning the Protection of the Ozone Layer through the Control of Specified Substances and Other Measures Law Concerning the Recovery and Destruction of Fluorocarbons Law on the Exclusive Economic Zone and the Continental Shelf Law Relating to Protection of the Environment in Antarctica Nature Conservation Law; Natural Parks Law; Forest Law Basic Law on Forest and Forestry Wildlife Protection and Hunting Law Law for the Conservation of Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora Law Concerning the Protection and Control of Animals Laws

12. National Governments: GOVERNANCE Governance Education Technology Energy & Transportation Overview of Laws Concerning Energies Electricity Utilities Industry Law Gas Utility Industry Law Atomic Energy Basic Law Law concerning the Rational Use of Energy Law on Temporary Measures to Promote Business Activities for the Rational Use of Energy and the Utilization of Recycled Resources Law Concerning Promotion of the Use of New Energy Law Concerning Promotion of the Development and Introduction of Alternative Energy Road Transportation Vehicle Law Laws

13. National Governments: GOVERNANCE Governance Education Technology Other laws exist on: Air Water Waste Chemicals Pollution Land http://www.japanfs.org/ja/japan/laws.html More Information from Website: Laws

14. National Governments: EDUCATION Governance Education Technology Environmental Education... in Japan Pollution by industrial development Urban lifestyles and consumption patterns Global environmental issues

15. National Governments: EDUCATION Governance Education Technology Section II. 3-(3) Environmental Education and learning EE target: General Public, stress on the younger generation, community leader, NGO etc. EE contents: not only environmental pollution and nature conservation but also consumption, energy, food, human settlement, population, history, culture etc. EE orientation: towards a sustainable society. EE objective: to make learners investigate, think, learn and act by themselves through experiences. EE projects need collaboration with other groups. Revised Basic Environment Plan (2000)

16. National Governments: EDUCATION Governance Education Technology 1953The first patient suffering from the Minamata Disease was discovered in the city of Minamata. 1967The Basic Law for Environmental Pollution Control was enacted. The National Association on Environmental Pollution Control Measure for Primary and Lower Secondary School Teachers was organized. 1968"Kogai," or environmental pollution, was included in the national curriculum for the first time. 1969The first Environment Pollution White Paper (KOGAI HAKUSYO) was published by the Government of Japan. 1970The 64 th Diet session was held, where the Basic Law for Environmental Pollution Control was revised.

17. National Governments: EDUCATION Governance Education Technology 1971The Environment Agency, Government of Japan, was established. 1992Environmental Education Guide for the Primary School was published by the Ministry of Education. 1993The Basic Environment Law was enacted. 1994The Basic Environment Plan was established by the decision of the Japanese Cabinet. 1995Junior Eco-Clubs (JEC) project was launched by Environment Agency. Environment Information and Communication Network (EIC) was launched. 1996 “ Environment Counselor ” as a human resource system, was launched. Global Environment Information Centre was opened.

18. National Governments: EDUCATION Governance Education Technology 2000The new Basic Environment Plan ─ a guide for a Century for Environment ─ was established by the Japanese Diet. 2001Environment Agency was changed into Ministry of Environment. 2002The new national curriculum standards (course of study) have been incorporated into primary and lower secondary school curriculum.

19. National Governments: TECHNOLOGY Governance Education Technology Environmental Problem Concern from Citizens Monitoring and Checking Governmental Action Technology Development

20. Governance Education Technology managing hazardous chemicals pollution control waste water treatment waste incinerator recycling Technology being developed for National Governments: TECHNOLOGY

21. Governance Education Technology National Governments: TECHNOLOGY Eco Mark Japan The Eco Mark is based on ISO14024, an international standard for environmentally sound products. It considers the environmental impact of the products throughout its life cycle--from mining of resources to recycling of used products. For example, more than 50% of the weight of the used product needs to be reusable or recyclable.

22. Governance Education Technology National Governments: TECHNOLOGY

23. Governance Education Technology National Governments: TECHNOLOGY

24. Governance Education Technology ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY Environmentally Sound Technologies (ESTs) protect the environment, do not pollute, use resources sustainably, and also recycle more of their wastes and products. National Governments: TECHNOLOGY

25. Governance Education Technology ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY trade shows patents treatment recycling research funding evaluation policies ISO 14001 life cycle assessment monitoring pollution control National Governments: TECHNOLOGY

26. Next session: Module 2: National Environmental Policy Governments Business and Industry NPOs and Communities 147 2 5 5 8 39 Class Matrix What national environmental policies impact business and industry? How do their activities impact the environment? How can they help? 6

27. Governments Business and Industry NPOs and Communities Module 1: Global Environmental Policy Module 2: National Environmental Policy Module 3: Local Environmental Policy Next session Next …

28. Send me an email anytime! Hari Srinivas hari.srinivas@kwansei.ac.jp Class Communication … IMPORTANT: When you send an email, please always put “[GEP]” in the subject line! Resources, websites, ideas, notes will be available online: www.gdrc.info/gep /