1. Properties of Matter
Chapter 2
Pgs

2. Classifying Matter
Chapter 2 Section 1 Pg

3. What is MATTER?
Anything that takes up
____ and has ____
Everything

5. PURE SUBSTANCES Matter that ______ has exactly the same composition
Ex: table salt and table sugar
Every ______ of a given substance has the same properties because a substance has a fixed, ________ composition

6. SUBSTANCE ELEMENT: a substance that ______ be
broken into simpler substances
*ATOM- ______ particle
*a fixed composition because it contains
only ___ type of atom
*at room temperature most elements are
_____, the rest are gases or liquids
* represented by using a symbol
(Periodic Table)

7. SUBSTANCE ELEMENTS Symbols - either one or two letters
- first letter ALWAYS ___________
- most are based on _____ names
ex: gold- Au from aurum
- allows for communication without
_________
- name sometimes clue for __________

8. SUBSTANCE
COMPOUND: a substance that is made from ___ or more simpler substances and ___ be broken down into those simpler substances (________)
* Ex: water
* properties ______ from those it is made of
* always contains two or more elements joined in a _____ proportion

9. MIXTURES The __________ of a mixture can vary
because the composition of a mixture is
not _____.
_________ by how well the parts of the
mixture are _________ throughout

10. MIXTURES _______________ - the substances are so ______ distributed
that it is difficult to distinguish one
substance in the mixture from another
- the parts of the mixture are noticeably
________ from one another

11. MIXTURES … solution, suspension, colloid …
based on the ____ of its largest
_________

12. MIXTURES _________- forms when substances _______ and
form a homogeneous mixture
* do NOT ______ light
* do NOT settle or ________
* filtration does not work

13. MIXTURES _____________- a heterogeneous mixture that separates
into ______ over time
* DO scatter light
* DO settle or separate
* _______ can be used

14. MIXTURES __________- contains some particles that are
____________ in size between the small
particles in a solution and the larger
particles in a _________
* DO scatter light
* do NOT ________ into layers

15. Physical Properties
Chapter 2 Section 2 Pg

16. Physical Properties of Matter
A physical property is any ___________ of a material that can be observed or measured without changing the ___________ of the substances in the material Ex: viscosity, conductivity, malleability, hardness, melting point, boiling point, and density

17. VISCOSITY
The tendency of a liquid to keep from flowing- its __________ to flowing
_____ liquids have a ______ viscosity (slow moving)
Thin liquids have ___ viscosity (fast moving)

18. CONDUCTIVITY A material’s ability to allow ____ to flow
Conductors- materials that allow heat or electricity to flow ______ through them
ex: metals
Insulators- materials that _______allow heat or electricity to flow easily through them
ex: wood

19. CONDUCTIVITY

20. MALLEABILITY
The ability of a solid to be hammered without ________
Most metals are ________
If a solid shatters when “hammered” it is ______

21. HARDNESS
To compare _______ of two materials see which of the materials can ______ the other
________ is the hardest known material

22. MELTING and BOILING POINTS
______ Point- the point at which a substance changes from a _____ to a _____
_______ Point- the point at which a substance boils or changes from a liquid to a ____

23. Can be used to test the ______ of a substance
DENSITY
Can be used to test the ______ of a substance
density = mass/volume

24. Using Physical Properties
________ the material
Choosing for a specific ________
_________ the substances in a mixture
__________ the substances

25. Using Physical Properties
Steps to follow in using the physical properties to ______ a material
Decide which _______ to test
Do tests on a sample of the _______
________ the results with information you have on the known materials

26. Using Properties to Separate Mixtures
__________- filtering the material, used to separate the different _____ of material in the mixture
__________- boiling the materials, used to _______ the different substances due to their boiling points

27. PHYSICAL CHANGE
Occurs when some of the physical properties of a material _______, but the ________ remain the same
___________ of the material remains intact regardless of the change

28. Chemical Properties
Chapter 2 Section 3 Pg

29. CHEMICAL PROPERTY
Any ability to produce a ______ in the composition of ______
Observed when the substances in a sample of matter are changing into ________ substances

30. FLAMMABILITY A materials ability to burn in the presence of ______
Oxygen supports the _______, without it there would be no _____

31. REACTIVITY
How readily a substance combines ________ with other substances
Some examples of _____ reactive elements: O, F, Cl, Na, Mg
Rust- iron oxide
Some examples of low ______ elements: N, Al, P
Some examples of all most _________ elements: He, Ar, Ne, Kr

32. Recognizing CHEMICAL CHANGE
Occurs when a substance _____ and forms one or more ___ substances
3 common types of a chemical change
Change in _____- tarnished, rusted, etc.
Production of ____- fermented, spoiled
Formation of a ________- solid present in a liquid mixture
ex: spoiled milk

33. Recognizing Chemical Change
Color change

34. Recognizing Chemical Change
Production of
Gas

35. Recognizing Chemical Change
Formation of Precipitate

36. Chemical Change vs. Physical Change
Not always easy to determine
Different ________ present after change occurs between original substances then a _______ change took place
If different substances are not _____ then only a ______ change

37. Chemical Change vs. Physical Change
The __________ of matter has to change or remain unchanged to __________ if a chemical change or physical change had taken place