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Unit III B Medieval Europe (Middle Ages).

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Presentation on theme: "Unit III B Medieval Europe (Middle Ages)."— Presentation transcript:

1 Unit III B Medieval Europe (Middle Ages)

2 Battle of Tours: Battle at Tours, France where Christian armies stopped Islam from advancing into Christian Europe.

3 Moors: Name given to Muslims in Spain (Islam was spreading into Europe from N. Africa

4 Christian leader who defeated Muslim armies at Battle of Tours
Charles Martel: Christian leader who defeated Muslim armies at Battle of Tours

5 Charlemagne: Powerful Frankish ruler who built a large Christian empire in central Europe

6

7 Feudalism: Political system in which nobles or lords are granted land from the king in exchange for loyalty and military service

8 Economic system of feudalism; Medieval lord’s estate {self-sufficient}
Manorialism: Economic system of feudalism; Medieval lord’s estate {self-sufficient}

9

10 Rigid class system in Europe during feudalism
Feudal Class System: Rigid class system in Europe during feudalism

11 Lords: Powerful landowners

12 A person owing service to a feudal lords
Vassal: A person owing service to a feudal lords

13 Land granted by a lord to a vassal
Fief: Land granted by a lord to a vassal

14 Warriors who defended their Lords lands
Knights: Warriors who defended their Lords lands

15 Chivalry: Behavior code of Medieval knights which stresses discipline, loyalty and respect To fear God and maintain His Church To serve the liege lord in valour and faith To protect the weak and defenceless To give succour to widows and orphans To refrain from the wanton giving of offence To live by honour and for glory To despise pecuniary reward To fight for the welfare of all To obey those placed in authority To guard the honour of fellow knights To eschew unfairness, meanness and deceit To keep faith At all times to speak the truth To persevere to the end in any enterprise begun To respect the honour of women Never to refuse a challenge from an equal Never to turn the back upon a foe.

16 Peasants bound to land of their feudal lords
Serf: Peasants bound to land of their feudal lords

17 Church officials [Priests, monks, nuns, bishops, etc..].
Clergy: Church officials [Priests, monks, nuns, bishops, etc..].

18 Tithe Tynemouth Priory - Late medieval church and graveyard Church tax.

19 Gothic Church style of architecture in medieval Europe (example: ribbed arches, stain glass windows, flying buttress, pointed arches, tall spires).

20 Canon Law Church laws and standards that guided Christians during the Middle ages

21 Interdiction (Form of punishment) Church punishment, cutting off official church functions, services, etc., in a particular area.

22 Appointment of religious officials (clergy) by kings or nobles.
Lay Investiture: Appointment of religious officials (clergy) by kings or nobles.

23 Appointment of religious officials (clergy) by kings or nobles.
Usury: Appointment of religious officials (clergy) by kings or nobles.

24 Practice of selling positions in the church
Simony: Practice of selling positions in the church

25 Inquisition: Roman Catholic church court in charge of investigating & prosecuting charges of heresy- especially active in SPAIN during the 1400’s.

26 Prejudice against Jews.
Anti-Semitism: Prejudice against Jews.

27 Unit III B Crusades (Middle Ages)

28 Crusades: European Christian military expeditions made between the 11th and 13th centuries to retake the Middle Eastern Holy Lands occupied by the Muslims.

29 Holy Land: Term given to lands in present day Israel that is significant to Judaism, Christianity, and Islam.

30 Seljuk Turks Dynasty that controlled Turkey during the 11th and 12th centuries. The Seljuk disruption of European travel to the Holy Lands resulted in the Crusades.

31 Saladin: Muslim leader during the crusaders who captured Jerusalem, allows unarmed Christians to worship in peace in the holy land. This deal was struck with Richard the Lionhearted.

32 Commercial Revolution:
Economic changes decreasing the role of feudalism and Manorialism towards systems of capitalism, trade and commerce between the 1000 and Expansion of business and trade as agriculture increased.

33 Gentry: Wealthy landowners

34 Guild: Association of artisans and tradesmen formed to protect mutual interests and maintain standards during Medieval age

35 Hanseatic League: Band of German merchant traders working cooperatively to protect their trade interests and eventually monopolized trade on the Baltic and North Seas.

36 Common, everyday language – not Latin.
Vernacular: Common, everyday language – not Latin.

37 Bubonic Plague/Black Death:
Epidemic during the 13th and 14th centuries killing millions in China and killing one-third of Europeans

38 An independent nation or country.
Nation-state: An independent nation or country.

39 Common Law: [English Common Law] A unified body of law formed from rulings of England’s royal judges that serves as the basis for law in many English-speaking countries today – like the USA.

40 Magna Carta (Great Charter) A document guaranteeing basic political rights in England, Power of purse to Parliament. Drawn up by nobles and “approved” by King John (1215) **First time a monarch’s power is reduced.

41 England’s governing body – the legislature.
Parliament: England’s governing body – the legislature.

42 The governing body of France (legislature) PRE-FRENCH REVOLUTION
Estates General: The governing body of France (legislature) PRE-FRENCH REVOLUTION

43 Hundred Years’ War: Conflict in which England and France battled on French soil over English claims to French lands.[ ]

44 Joan of Arc: French peasant girl who rallied French troops to defeat the English in the Hundred Years’ War – thus enabling Charles to become king of France.


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