1. 14.1 Work and Power notes 14.1 for background and also for lab on calculating horsepower... also have notes for 15.1 on same day... This unit will be 14.1, 15.1, 15.2, 16.1 14.2, 14.3, 15.3 will be in the notes but will be required reading by students to complete and will not be strongly tested as they do not match perfectly with standards.... OPENER #1, November 30, 2009 Pick up Notes package. Turn in previous openers in box if not done last week. Use complete sentences. 1. Answer questions in section 14.1 assessment on pg. 416 #1-3.

2. 14.1 Work and Power Opener #8 - Tuesday, February 16, 2010 1. Complete Section 13.2 assessment questions pg. 397 #5-8. Show all work or use complete sentences. Pick up new Notes package and TURN in Siphon Lab questions sheet from Friday. CW: Notes 14.1 Lab: Egg Drop Lab, calculate final velocity for each group, & write script for final conclusions... CW: If time allows, notes 15.1 -OR- work on reading/notes assignments section 14.2 and 14.3 which is due Friday. (This can be worked on after test tomorrow as well.) iMovie project will be completed on Thursday...and due by Friday... TEST tomorrow over ch.12-13... Friday: Notes 15.1, 16.1, horsepower lab...

3. 14.1 Work and Power When does a force do work? In science, work is the product of force and distance. What Is Work? Copy the table on pg. 412 at the top under “Reading Strategy” to use while viewing the following presentation.

4. 14.1 Work and Power Work is done when a force acts on an object in the direction the object moves. Example: Work is done when the weightlifter exerts an upward force to raise the barbell. What Is Work? Figure 1

5. 14.1 Work and Power The weight lifter applies a large force to hold the barbell over his head. Because the barbell is motionless, no work is done on the barbell. Figure 1

6. 14.1 Work and Power For a force to do work on an object, some of the force must act in the same direction as the object moves. If there is no movement, no work is done. What Is Work? Any part of a force that does not act in the direction of motion does no work on an object.

7. 14.1 Work and Power Work Requires Motion The weight lifter does no work on the barbell as he holds it over his head. The force applied to the barbell does not cause it to move. What Is Work?

8. 14.1 Work and Power Work Depends on Direction If all of the force acts in the same direction as the motion, all of the force does work. If part of the applied force acts in the direction of motion, that part of the force does work. If none of the force is applied in the direction of the motion, the force does no work. What Is Work?

9. 14.1 Work and Power A. All of the force does work on the suitcase. What Is Work? Example pg. 413 Force Direction of motion Force and motion in the same direction Figure 2

10. 14.1 Work and Power A. All of the force does work on the suitcase. B. The horizontal part of the force does work. What Is Work? Force This force does work This force does no work Direction of motion Force and motion in the same direction Part of force in direction of motion Figure 2

11. 14.1 Work and Power A. All of the force does work on the suitcase. B. The horizontal part of the force does work. C. The force does no work on the suitcase. What Is Work? Force This force does work This force does no work Force Direction of motion Force and motion in the same direction Part of force in direction of motion Lifting force not in direction of motion Figure 2

12. 14.1 Work and Power Calculating Work W = F x d

13. 14.1 Work and Power Units of Work When using SI units in the work formula, the force is in newtons, and distance is in meters. The joule (J) is the SI unit of work. A joule is equal to 1 newton-meter. Calculating Work

14. 14.1 Work and Power Using the Work Formula - RECORD A weight lifter raises a 1600-newton barbell to a height of 2.0 meters. Work = Force × Distance Work = 1600 N × 2.0 m Work = 3200 N·m = 3200 J Calculating Work

15. 14.1 Work and Power How are work and power related? Power is the rate of doing work. What Is Power? Doing work at a faster rate requires more power. To increase power, you can increase the amount of work done in a given time, or you can do the same amount of work in less time.

16. 14.1 Work and Power Work is required to move snow from one location to another. A person using a shovel and a person using a snow blower can both do the work needed to remove the snow. The snow blower can do the job much faster because it has more power. What Is Power?

17. 14.1 Work and Power Because the snow blower can remove more snow in less time, it requires more power than hand shoveling does. What Is Power?

18. 14.1 Work and Power Calculating Power P = W/t

19. 14.1 Work and Power When using SI units in the power formula, work is measured in joules (J), and time is measured in seconds (s). The SI unit of power is the watt (W), which is equal to one joule per second. Calculating Power

20. 14.1 Work and Power Calculating Power You exert a vertical force of 72 newtons to lift a box to a height of 1.0 meter in a time of 2.0 seconds. How much power is used to lift the box? Calculating Power

21. 14.1 Work and Power Read and Understand What information are you given? Calculating Power

22. 14.1 Work and Power Read and Understand What information are you given? Calculating Power

23. 14.1 Work and Power Plan and Solve What formula contains the given quantities and the unknown? Calculating Power

24. 14.1 Work and Power Plan and Solve What formula contains the given quantities and the unknown? Calculating Power

25. 14.1 Work and Power Plan and Solve Replace each variable with its known value and solve. Calculating Power

26. 14.1 Work and Power Plan and Solve Replace each variable with its known value and solve. Calculating Power

27. 14.1 Work and Power Look Back and Check Is your answer reasonable? Calculating Power

28. 14.1 Work and Power Look Back and Check Is your answer reasonable? 36 watts is not a lot of power, which seems reasonable considering the box was lifted slowly, through a height of only 1 meter. Calculating Power

29. 14.1 Work and Power 1. Your family is moving to a new apartment. While lifting a box 1.5 m straight up to put it on a truck, you exert an upward force of 200 N for 1.0 s. How much power is required to do this? Calculating Power

30. 14.1 Work and Power 1. Your family is moving to a new apartment. While lifting a box 1.5 m straight up to put it on a truck, you exert an upward force of 200 N for 1.0 s. How much power is required to do this? Answer: Work = Force × Distance = 200 N × 1.5 m = 300 J Power = Work/Time = 300 J/1.0 s = 300 W Calculating Power

31. 14.1 Work and Power 2. You lift a book from the floor to a bookshelf 1.0 m above the ground. How much power is used if the upward force is 15.0 N and you do the work in 2.0 s? Calculating Power

32. 14.1 Work and Power 2. You lift a book from the floor to a bookshelf 1.0 m above the ground. How much power is used if the upward force is 15.0 N and you do the work in 2.0 s? Answer: Work = Force × Distance = 15 N × 1.0 m = 15 J Power = Work/Time = 15 J/2.0 s = 7.5 W Calculating Power

33. 14.1 Work and Power 3. You apply a horizontal force of 10.0 N to pull a wheeled suitcase at a constant speed of 0.5 m/s across flat ground. How much power is used? (Hint: The suitcase moves 0.5 m/s. Consider how much work the force does each second and how work is related to power.) Calculating Power

34. 14.1 Work and Power 3. You apply a horizontal force of 10.0 N to pull a wheeled suitcase at a constant speed of 0.5 m/s across flat ground. How much power is used? (Hint: The suitcase moves 0.5 m/s. Consider how much work the force does each second and how work is related to power.) Answer: Work = Force × Distance = 10.0 N × 0.5 m = 5 J Power = Work/Time = 5 J/1.0 s = 5 W Calculating Power

35. 14.1 Work and Power Another common unit of power is the horsepower. One horsepower (hp) is equal to about 746 watts. James Watt (1736-1819) was looking for a way to compare the power outputs of steam engines he had designed. Horses were a logical choice for comparison as they were the most commonly used source of power in the 1700s. James Watt and Horsepower

36. 14.1 Work and Power The horse-drawn plow and the gasoline- powered engine are both capable of doing work at a rate of four horsepower. James Watt and Horsepower

37. 14.1 Work and Power Continue with 15.1 notes.. Feb 2010 - take a break for egg drop project lab... after trying to answer the next 4 questions... CW/Homework assignment: Complete notes for section 14.2 and 14.3 by Friday by reading your textbook. Don’t Forget the BIG TEST tomorrow over ch. 12-13... Be well prepared to make an A... Pizza party is Friday for those who made an A on the previous test(s). Remember to pay your $3 if you haven’t yet.

38. 14.1 Work and Power Assessment Questions 1. In which of the following cases is work being done on an object? a. pushing against a locked door b. suspending a heavy weight with a strong chain c. pulling a trailer up a hill d. carrying a box down a corridor

39. 14.1 Work and Power Assessment Questions 1. In which of the following cases is work being done on an object? a. pushing against a locked door b. suspending a heavy weight with a strong chain c. pulling a trailer up a hill d. carrying a box down a corridor ANS:C

40. 14.1 Work and Power Assessment Questions 2. A tractor exerts a force of 20,000 newtons to move a trailer 8 meters. How much work was done on the trailer? a. 2,500 J b. 4,000 J c. 20,000 J d. 160,000 J

41. 14.1 Work and Power Assessment Questions 2. A tractor exerts a force of 20,000 newtons to move a trailer 8 meters. How much work was done on the trailer? a. 2,500 J b. 4,000 J c. 20,000 J d. 160,000 J ANS:D

42. 14.1 Work and Power Assessment Questions 3. A car exerts a force of 500 newtons to pull a boat 100 meters in 10 seconds. How much power does the car use? a. 5000 W b. 6000 W c. 50 W d. 1000 W

43. 14.1 Work and Power Assessment Questions 3. A car exerts a force of 500 newtons to pull a boat 100 meters in 10 seconds. How much power does the car use? a. 5000 W b. 6000 W c. 50 W d. 1000 W ANS:A

44. 14.1 Work and Power Assessment Questions 4. One horsepower is a unit of power equal to a. 0.746 W. b. 1.0 W. c. 746 W. d. 2,000 W.

45. 14.1 Work and Power Assessment Questions 4. One horsepower is a unit of power equal to a. 0.746 W. b. 1.0 W. c. 746 W. d. 2,000 W. ANS:C