1. Villanova Engineering SCW Experiment Prof. Al Ortega & students Albert A. Koenig, Ph.D. ARB/Geowell Systems

2. ► Located Conshohocken, PA (outside Philadelphia) ► Solely owned by American Refining Biochemical (ARB) ► CEO, Harry Halloran ► Energy Consultant: Albert Koenig, Ph.D.

3. Purpose Build and test SCW test rig seeking to verify:  In-well string component design  Ease of installation & replacement  Operation  Sealing (upcomer from return water)  Pump housing suspension  Laminar flow slit design near bottom of well  Pump & control valve performance

4. SCW Downhole Components Sleeved vs. New Geowell TM Design

5. Villanova Project Equipment, Personnel & Facilities

6. Villanova Engineering Team

7. Experimental Layout & Test Facility

8. 20 2 1.5 11 1.3 Pump/Casing Foam float Polypipe entry section Concrete guide

9. 2 nd Story Balcony Test Bay

10. Ext. Plumbing, Control & Heat Exchanger

11. String Components

12. Pump Assembly

13. Insertion of String into Column

14. Polypipe 1.25” Black Polypipe 2 - 1’ Long ; 1/16” Wide Inlet Slits  Located 1’ from concrete guide  180° apart

15. Polypipe Water Entry Slit

16. Insertion of Pump Assembly into Housing

17. Completed String Ready for Test

18. Flow Characterization Real – Time Video Streamlines Flow made visible by reflection from particulates in water with backlighting

19. Measurements & Test Results ► Verified that the float can suspend the PVC housing; the polypipe tends to support the string where it contacts the well bore ► Observed no problem with installation of the pump assembly into the suspended PVC housing ► Observed no leakage into the housing top seal from the outside annular space (shunting) ► Cyclic flow along the water column from the pump through the control valve, heat exchanger and return line was recorded from 5-20 GPM ► Measured (using bubble entrainment) uniform flow into the slit area near the bottom of the string ► Observed no apparent contribution of water below the slit, i.e. no stirring of bottom water that would bring bottom hole sediment into the intake line(s)

20. Observations ► Float appears to be unnecessary, since the string is supported by the polypipe contour against the wellbore wall ► At full flow (20 GPM), there was no observable torque on the string; bubble formation was noticeable at the top of the housing => new design using a conical boot for smooth transition ► Discussions with Rainbird re. valve reliability (solenoid triggering problem)

21. Next Steps ► Working with Villanova engineering & facilities to identify an appropriate geothermal application on campus ► Likely start with 1-2 wells @ 800’ to provide up to 20 tons of cooling for a bldg. with little or no AC ► This project will be monitored by Villanova engineering faculty & students as part of the curriculum