1. Presenter: Osnat Zur, WestEd TK Monthly Call February 21, 2012 This presentation is drawn from a project of the California Department of Education, Child Development Division Making Connections: An Alignment of the California Preschool Learning Foundations with Key Early Education Resources

2. A Comprehensive Look at Alignment with California’s Infant Toddler Learning and Development Foundations, Kindergarten Content Standards, Kindergarten Common Core Standards, and Head Start Child Development and Early Learning Framework Making Connections: An Alignment of the California Preschool Learning Foundations with Key Early Education Resources

3. Overview of the Content in the Alignment Document: A.Introduction Context for Developing Foundations and Standards Organization of the Different Resources Key Characteristics of Early Learning and Development Alignment across Domains

4. Overview of the Content in the Alignment Document (Cont.) B. An alignment of the Preschool Foundations with the Infant/Toddler Foundations and with the Kindergarten Content Standards in each of the following domains: Social-Emotional Development Language and Literacy English Language Development Mathematics Visual and Performing Arts Physical Development Health History-Social Science Science

5. Overview of the Content in the Alignment Document (Cont.) C. An alignment of the Preschool Foundations in the domains of Language and Literacy and Mathematics with the Corresponding Common Core State Standards for Kindergarten (Embedded within Section B) D. An alignment of the Preschool Foundations with the Head Start Child Development and Early Learning Framework

6. Overview of the Format for Presenting the Alignment The Format for Presenting the Alignment Across Age (Infant/Toddlers – Preschool - Kindergarten) within each domain includes: A visual illustrating the general alignment A table presenting the alignment of specific foundations with specific K standards A narrative describing the alignment

7. Alignment of the California Preschool Learning Foundations with the Common Core State Standards

8. The Preschool Learning Foundations Goal: To strengthen preschool education and children’s school readiness Developed by researchers, early childhood educators, and other stakeholders. Age Range: Describe key knowledge and skills that children acquire with appropriate support – At around 48 months of age – At around 60 months of age Cover nine developmental domains

9. Preschool Learning Foundations, Volume 1 Social-Emotional Development Language and Literacy English-Language Development Mathematics Preschool Learning Foundations, Volume 1 Social-Emotional Development Language and Literacy English-Language Development Mathematics Preschool Learning Foundations, Volume 2 Visual and Performing Arts Physical Development Health Preschool Learning Foundations, Volume 2 Visual and Performing Arts Physical Development Health Preschool Learning Foundations, Volume 3 History-Social Science Science Preschool Learning Foundations, Volume 3 History-Social Science Science Preschool Learning Foundations

10. The Common Core State Standards Goal: Clear and consistent goals for learning, to prepare America’s children for success in college and work Led by the National Governors Association (NGA), and the Council of Chief State School Offices (CCSSO), and developed in collaboration with a variety of stakeholders Age Range: Standards for every grade level (K-12 th grade) Domains: – English-Language Arts & Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects. – Mathematics

11. The Alignment Draws the connection between the preschool learning foundations in the domains: – Language and Literacy – Mathematics and the corresponding common core state standards. Illustrates the developmental progression of key foundations in these domains, as they relate to specific common core state standards

12. Aspects to Consider in Reviewing the Alignment: Organization of the two resources: – Each of the documents groups standards or foundations into domains – The standards/foundations in a domain are organized in key content areas (referred to as strands in the preschool foundations) – Specific foundations within the strands are organized in subgroups (referred to as substrands in the preschool foundations).

13. Aspects to Consider in Reviewing the Alignment: Key Characteristics of Early Learning and Development: Differences among different age periods: The preschool foundations and the kindergarten common core state standards were written for children at different age periods. The foundations/standards reflect these developmental differences.

14. Key Characteristics of Early Learning and Development: Differentiation of Competencies as Children Learn and Develop – Some developments reflect continuous growth, with quantitative change over time (e.g, vocabulary growth) – Other developments result in qualitative changes and the emergence of new competencies (e.g., the ability to write). – Many of the competencies described at the preschool level become more differentiated and lead to more specific competencies at the kindergarten level.

15. Alignment with Common Core Standards: Language and Literacy Preschool Foundations Domain: Language & Literacy Common Core Standards-KG Domain: English-Language Arts & Literacy in History/Social Studies, Science, and Technical Subjects. The Common Core State Standards present a broad picture of literacy across different academic subjects.

16. Language and Literacy Alignment at Strand Level: The preschool learning foundations and the common core state standards are organized according to the same basic categories (strands): listening and speaking, reading and writing. The common core state standards also include a strand identified as language standards. It includes standards for grammar and vocabulary, covered under listening and speaking in the preschool foundations.

17. Language and Literacy Alignment at Strand Level: Preschool Foundations Listening and Speaking Reading Writing Common Core Standards-KG Speaking and Listening Language Standards Reading Standards for Literature Reading Standards for Informational Texts Reading Standards: Foundational Skills Writing Standards

18. Language and Literacy Alignment at Substrand Level: Specific preschool foundations in each strand are grouped in substrands Specific common core state standards are organized according to key areas, overarching College and Career Readiness (CCR) anchor standards The alignment draws the connection between substrands in the preschool foundations and common core anchor standards.

19. Preschool Foundations: Listening and Speaking Preschool Foundations Substrands: 1.0 Language use and Conventions 2.0 Vocabulary 3.0 Grammar Common Core Standards- K Anchor Standards Speaking & Listening Comprehension and Collaboration Presentation of Knowledge and Ideas Language Standards Vocabulary Acquisition and Use Language Standards Conventions of Standard English

20. Preschool Foundations: Reading Preschool Foundations Substrands 1.0 Concepts about Print 2.0 Phonological Awareness 3.0 Alphabetics and word/print recognition 4.0 Comprehension and analysis of age-appropriate text 5.0 Literacy interest and response Common Core Standards- KG Anchor Standards Print Concepts Craft and Structure Phonological Awareness Print Concepts Phonics and Word Recognition Key Ideas and Details Integration of knowledge and ideas -------------------------

21. Writing Preschool Foundations Substrand 1.0 Writing Strategies ------------------------- Common Core Standards- K Anchor Standards Text Types and Purposes Production and Distribution of Writing Research to Build and Present Knowledge

22. Language and Literacy Alignment Analysis: Substantial correspondence in content between the preschool foundations and the common core state standards in all areas Certain common core standards focus on skills that emerge in kindergarten, and therefore have no corresponding content in the preschool foundations: Reading – Fluency (Read text with purpose and understanding) – Range of Reading and Level of Text Complexity Writing – Production and Distribution of Writing – Research to Build and Present Knowledge

23. Developmental Progression Across Age-Levels Example: Concepts about Print Preschool Foundations At around 60 months Concepts about Print 1.1 Display appropriate book- handling behaviors and knowledge of print conventions. 1.2 Understand that print is something that is read and has specific meaning Common Core Standards-K Print Concepts 1. Demonstrate understanding of the organization and basic features of print. – Follow words from left to right, top to bottom, and page by page. – Recognize that spoken words are represented in written language by specific sequences of letters. – Understand that words are separated by spaces in print.

24. Developmental Progression Across Age-Levels Example: Writing Preschool Foundations At around 60 months Writing Strategies 1.1 Adjust grasp and body position for increased control in drawing and writing. 1.2 Writes letter or letter-like shapes to represent words or ideas. 1.3 Writes first name nearly correctly. Common Core Standards-K Text Types and Purposes 1. Use a combination of drawing, dictating, and writing to compose opinion pieces in which they tell a reader the topic or the name of the book they are writing about and state an opinion or preference about the topic or book (e.g., My favorite book is...). 2. Use a combination of drawing, dictating, and writing to compose informative/explanatory texts in which they name what they are writing about and supply some information about the topic. 3. Use a combination of drawing, dictating, and writing to narrate a single event or several loosely linked events, tell about the events in the order in which they occurred, and provide a reaction to what happened.

25. Domain: Mathematics Alignment of the Preschool Learning Foundations and the Kindergarten Common Core State Standards

26. Strands in the Preschool Learning Foundations in Mathematics Domain Mathematical Reasoning Geometry Number Sense Measurement Classification & Patterning

27. Organization of the Common Core State Standards- Mathematics Domain Standards for Mathematical Content – Counting and Cardinality – Operations and Algebraic Thinking – Number and Operations in Base Ten – Measurement and Data – Geometry Standards for Mathematical Practice – Eight key processes and proficiencies that apply to all content areas in all grade-levels

28. Mathematics Alignment at Strand Level: Preschool Foundations Number Sense Algebra and Functions (Classification and Patterning) Measurement Geometry Mathematical Reasoning Common Core Standards-K Counting and Cardinality Operations and Algebraic Thinking Number and Operations in Base Ten Measurement and Data Geometry Mathematical Practices

29. Mathematics Alignment at Strand Level: Even though the preschool foundations and the common core standards are organized somewhat differently, overall, both cover the same key areas in mathematics. Differences in organization: – Content related to number sense in the preschool learning foundations is represented in two key area in the common core state standards: counting and cardinality, and operations and algebraic thinking. – Content in number and operations in base ten of the Common Core State Standards is too advanced for it to have corresponding content in the preschool foundations. – Content related to Classification appears under algebra and function in the preschool foundations, and under measurement and data in the Common Core State Standards.

30. Preschool Foundations: Number Sense Preschool Foundations Substrands: 1.0 Children understand numbers and quantities in the their everyday environment 2.0 Children understand number relationships and operations in their everyday environment ------------------------------------ Common Core Standards- K Counting and Cardinality Know number names and the count sequence Count to tell the number of objects Compare numbers Operations and Algebraic Thinking Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from. Number and Operations in Base Ten Work with numbers 11-19 to gain foundations for place vale.

31. Preschool Foundations: Algebra and Functions (Classification and Patterning) Preschool Foundations Substrands 1.0 Children sort and classify objects in their everyday environment 2.0 Children recognize/expand understanding of simple repeating patterns. Common Core Standards- K Measurement and Data Classify objects and count the number of objects in categories. ----------------------------

32. Preschool Foundations: Measurement Preschool Foundations Substrand 1.0 Children compare, order, and measure objects Common Core Standards- K Measurement and Data Describe and compare measurable attributes.

33. Preschool Foundations: Geometry Preschool Foundations Substrands 1.0 Children identify and use shapes 2.0 Children understand positions in space Common Core Standards- K Geometry Identify and describe shapes Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes Identify and describe shapes

34. Preschool Foundations: Mathematical Reasoning Preschool Foundations Substrand 1.0 Children use mathematical thinking to solve problems in their everyday environment Common Core Standards- K Standards for Mathematical Practices Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them Reason abstractly and quantitatively Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others Model with mathematics Use appropriate tools strategically. Attend to precision. Look for and make use of structure Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning

35. Mathematics Alignment at Substrand Level: For almost every substrand of the preschool learning foundations, there is a category in the common core state standards with corresponding content. The Common Core State Standards – Include differentiated standards in mathematical reasoning – Do not include standards related to patterning, subitizing (number sense), and measuring length (measurement). Developmental progression across age-levels in every substrand

36. Developmental Progression Across Age-Levels Example: Number Sense (Counting) Preschool Foundations At around 60 months 1.1 Recites numbers in order to twenty with increasing accuracy. Common Core Standards- K Know number names and the count sequence. Count to 100 by ones and by tens. Count forward beginning from a given number within the known sequence (instead of having to begin at 1).

37. Developmental Progression Across Age-Levels Example: Geometry (Shapes) Preschool Foundations At around 60 months 1.1 Identify, describe, and construct a variety of different shapes, including variations of circle, triangle, rectangle, square, and other shapes. Common Core Standards- K Identify and describe shapes (squares, circles, triangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres). Correctly name shapes regardless of their orientations or overall size. Identify shapes as two-dimensional (lying in a plane, “flat”) or three-dimensional (“solid”). Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes. Analyze and compare two- and three- dimensional shapes, in different sizes and orientations, using informal language to describe their similarities, differences, parts (e.g., number of sides and vertices/”corners”) and other attributes (e.g., having sides of equal length).

38. In Summary, The alignment indicates substantial correspondence in content between the preschool learning foundations and the common core state standards. The two documents cover the same key areas in language & literacy and in mathematics, even when the content is organized somewhat differently in the preschool foundations and in the common core standards. The alignment illustrates a developmental progression across age-levels, and the differentiation of competencies as children learn and develop.