1. DIGESTION HOW YOUR BODY USESFOOD!

2. DIGESTION The process of breaking down food into usable nutrients. Takes place in digestion system The digestive tract begins at the mouth and continues through the esophagus and intestines to the anus. Along this course food is broken down and nutrients are extracted, while waste materials are released.

3. DIGESTION As soon as food is ingested, food embarks on a journey which can take up to 24 hours. It covers a distance of 30 feet (9m), through various muscular tubes and chambers. It usually takes the average person 4-8 hours to excrete waste

4. DIGESTION

5. MORE SPECIFICALLY: THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

6. DIGESTION THE CYCLE START ---  Mouth ---  throat ( pharynx ) ---  travels through the food tube (esophagus) ---  stomach ---  small intestine ---  large intestine ---  anus… END In the small intestine, chemical digestion breaks down food into molecules small enough to be absorbed by the blood stream. The large intestine, is where food that cannot be digested is stored as feces and then is eliminated through the anus.

7. DIGESTION LABEL THE DIAGRAM

8. THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS MOUTH -saliva is the first of many digestive juices that act on food breakdown -teeth grind into pieces -chewing food well is important -chew solid food so that it reaches the consistency of applesauce. mouth

9. THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS ESOPHAGUS -tube connecting mouth to stomach -once food swallowed, it passes into esophagus -tube contracts and relaxes, creates wave like movements that force food into stomach Esophagus

10. THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS LIVER - large organ that processes absorbed nutrients, detoxifies harmful substances, and produces bile- is a bitter yellowish, blue and green fluid secreted by the liver. It is required for digestion, specifically fat. LIVER

11. THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS STOMACH - j-shaped muscular bag that churns, digests, and stores food. -can hold 1 L of food (4C) -stomach manufactures gastric juices-food breakdown -churned until food turns into a thick liquid called chyme -carbs=2-3 hours -proteins=3-5 hours -fats=7 hours STOMACH

12. THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS GALLBLADDER -stores bile produces by liver. GALLBLADDER

13. THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS PANCREAS -secretes digestive enzymes, which pour along a duct into first part of small intestine. -Enzymes are the “workers” of the body, they do all the “work” in the body and cells. PANCREAS

14. THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS SMALL INTESTINE -the major site of digestion and absorption of nutrients. -chyme is released into small intestine -chyme acts on 3 digestive juices SMALL INTESTINE

15. BILE- helps your body digest and absorb fats. Produced in liver, stored in gallbladder. PANCREATIC JUICE-contains enzymes that help break down carbs, proteins and fats. Produced by pancreas INTESTINAL JUICE- works with other juices to break down food. Produced in small intestine

16. SMALL INTESTINE When fully broken down, carbohydrates are converted to a simple sugar called glucose. This is the body’s basic fuel supply Fats are changed into fatty acids If too many fats are eaten, the body stores the extra fat This can result in weight gain/insulation for the body Proteins are broken down to amino acids Vitamins, minerals and water do not need break down, they are ready for action.

17. THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS LARGE INTESTINE -Absorbs water from food residue, and forms and stores feces. LARGE INTESTINE

18. THE DIGESTIVE ORGANS RECTUM - stores waste matter until it can be excreted conveniently. RECTUM

19. USING NUTRIENTS Once food is broken down into nutrients, digestion is complete Your body still must absorb the nutrients and take them to where they can be used or stored

20. ABSORPTION After digestion, nutrients are absorbed in blood stream. Most absorption takes place in small intestine Some waste mineral, including fiber, is left in small intestine-where its transferred to large intestine (colon). Colon removes water, potassium and sodium from waste. The rest is stored there until eliminated.

21. PROCESSING AND STORING NUTRIENTS After nutrients are absorbed by the small intestine, they are carried through a blood vessel, to the liver. Liver turns nutrients into forms the body can use For example: amino acids proteins, which are then carried into the blood whenever needed

22. PROCESSING AND STORING NUTRIENTS If not needed immediately, nutrients are stored for future use. For example, extra glucose is converted by the liver into glycogen, which is stored in the liver and muscles. If storage is maxed out, remaining glycogen is converted into body fat Also, extra fatty acids and amino acids are converted into fats.

23. HOW OUR BODIES USE ENERGY? Automatic processes- breathing, digesting food, creating new cells, resting, sleeping etc Used minimum amounts of energy basal metabolism Physical activities- work and exercise. The more active you are, the more energy you use.

24. HOW OUR BODIES USE ENERGY? 2/3 of calories used by the body are for basal metabolism This varies-depends on age, body size, body composition There are a few foods that the body has a hard time digesting– for good and bad reasons– take a look!

25. TOUGH FOOD TO DIGEST (TOP 10) 10. Sugar-free gum

26. TOUGH FOOD TO DIGEST (TOP 10) 9. Beans -but keeps you full longer!

27. TOUGH FOOD TO DIGEST (TOP 10) 8.Broccoli and raw cabbage (fiber and nutrient filled veggies)

28. TOUGH FOOD TO DIGEST (TOP 10) 7.Ice cream -your body doesn’t know what to take from this to use…it leaves your body guessing!

29. TOUGH FOOD TO DIGEST (TOP 10) 6.Raw Onion- (garlic, leeks and shallots)

30. TOUGH FOOD TO DIGEST (TOP 10) 5.Mashed Potatoes

31. TOUGH FOOD TO DIGEST (TOP 10) 4.Citrus juices

32. TOUGH FOOD TO DIGEST (TOP 10) 3.Chocolate

33. TOUGH FOOD TO DIGEST (TOP 10) 2.Spicy Food

34. TOUGH FOOD TO DIGEST (TOP 10) 1. Fried Chicken Nuggets