1. TEACHER GUIDE Last updated: 13 Jan 2015

2. INTRODUCTION Click to play on YouTube

4. THE DESIGN PROCESS

5. STEP 1: Identify the Problem – State the problem in your own words STEP 2: Identify Criteria and Constraints – Identify the specific requirements THE DESIGN PROCESS

6. STEP 3: Brainstorm Possible Solutions – Discuss ways to solve the problem STEP 4: Generate Ideas – Each member comes up with their own plan STEP 5: Explore Possibilities – Group members discuss the various approaches THE DESIGN PROCESS

7. EXAMPLES FROM PAST COMPETITIONS

8. Moon: Surveyor 1,3,5,6,7 Apollo 11,12,14, 15,16,17 Mars: Viking 1,2 Pathfinder Spirit Opportunity Phoenix Curiosity Comet: Rosetta Venus: Venera 7-14 Vega 1-2 Titan Huygens Asteroid NEAR Shoemaker Hayabusa HISTORIC LANDING EXAMPLES

9. Mars Science Laboratory – Launch Nov 2011 – Landed Aug 2012 CURRENT MISSIONS

10. Rosetta – Launch March 2004 – Began Orbit Aug 2014 – Philae Landing Nov 2014 Images credit: ESA CURRENT MISSIONS

11. Free fall TYPES OF LANDINGS

12. Rockets/propulsion TYPES OF LANDINGS

13. Parachutes Click to play on YouTube TYPES OF LANDINGS

14. Wings/Glider Click to play on YouTube TYPES OF LANDINGS

15. Ramp Click to play online TYPES OF LANDINGS

16. Bouncing Click to play online TYPES OF LANDINGS

17. Sky Crane Click to play on YouTube TYPES OF LANDINGS

18. Morpheus Click to play on YouTube OTHER LANDING ACTIVITY

19. Moon Express OTHER LANDING ACTIVITY

20. XCOR Aerospace OTHER LANDING ACTIVITY

21. SpaceX’s Grasshopper Click to play on YouTube video credit: SpaceX OTHER LANDING ACTIVITY

22. SpaceX’s Dragon Capsue v2 Click to play on YouTube video credit: SpaceX OTHER LANDING ACTIVITY

23. Boeing CST-100 Click to play on YouTube video credit: Boeing OTHER LANDING ACTIVITY

24. Masten OTHER LANDING ACTIVITY Armadillo

25. Fundamental forces of flight HOW PHYSICS CONTRIBUTES

26. For our consideration HOW PHYSICS CONTRIBUTES

27. momentum (P) = velocity (V) x mass (M) V = rate of travel (r) & direction r = distance (d) / time (t) d = 6 meters HOW PHYSICS CONTRIBUTES

28. V² = V₀² + (2)(a)(d) V² = 0² + (2)(9.8 m/s²)(6 m) V² = 117.6 m²/s² V = 10.84 m/s down = 24 mph down HOW PHYSICS CONTRIBUTES

29. V = 10.84 m/s down P = V x M Mass is between 226.8 g and 1000 g P = (10.84 m/s) x (.5 kg) P = 5.42 N*s HOW PHYSICS CONTRIBUTES

30. STEP 6: Select an Approach – Decide which approach to take STEP 7: Build a Model or Prototype – Construct a model based on the idea selected STEP 8: Refine the Design – Evaluate the product and decide if a redesign is needed and what to change THE DESIGN PROCESS

31. Competition Questions: info@spaceflorida.govinfo@spaceflorida.gov http://spaceflorida.gov/eggdrop Presentation Questions: Joshua Santora 321.867.6357 joshua.santora@nasa.gov KSC Educator resource center: 321.867.4090

32. NASA e-clips NASA Launchpad: In Case of Emergency Space Math V – Volcanoes are a Blast Space Math VI – LRO Spots a Rolling Lunar Boulder with No Moss! NASA RESOURCES

33. GOOD LUCK!!!