2. Science Skills Chapter 1

3. What is science? The word science comes from the Latin word scire meaning “to know”

4. Branches of science

5. Branches of Physical Science CHEMISTRY The study of the makeup, structure, characteristics, and reactions of matter. PHYSICS The study of matter and energy, and how they interact with each other.

6. An organized plan for gathering, organizing, and communicating information Scientific knowledge leads to new technology and vice-versa

7. 1. Making Observations Information obtained through one’s senses. Ex. West Nile Virus in South Dakota

8. 2. Forming a Hypothesis A proposed or possible answer to a question or problem.

9. 3. Testing the Hypothesis Experimentation A controlled experiment always has two parts: 1.Control group 2.Experimental group

10. 2 types of variables MANIPULATED The variable that causes a change in another variable Also known as the independent variable RESPONDING The variable that changes in response to the manipulated variable. Also known as the dependent variable.

11. Theories and Laws After experimentation, data needs to be interpreted and a conclusion is drawn. Theory : A well-tested explanation for a set of observations or experimental results Law : A statement accepted as true that describes phenomena in the natural world.

12. Scientific Notation A shorthand method for writing very large or very small numbers. Examples:  300,000,000 ?  3.0 x 10 8  0.000821 ?  8.1 x 10 -4  Example problems on page 15

13. The present version of the metric system is known as the SI system. Why is the SI system easier to use in science than the old English system? It is based on the number 10. See seven metric units on page 16 Fig 13

14. Base units vs Derived units Base units 7 basic units used to identify quantities. See page 16 Derived units A combination of two or more base units Examples: 1.Density g/cm 3

15. kilo (k) = 10 3 deci (d) = 10 -1 centi (c) = 10 -2 milli (m) = 10 -3

16. Conversion Factor A ratio of equivalent measurements that is used to convert a quantity of one unit to another. Example: On board convert 83,470 mm into km.