1. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 1 - 23 rd June 2014 Raoul Fortner, MSc RPAS 2014 Conference, Brussels 23 rd June 2014 Austrian Experiences with the First National VLOS Regulation Implemented in 2014 www.aaig.at/uas – office@aaig.at

2. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 2 - 23 rd June 2014 AAI & National UAS Community Workinggroup AAI-UAS-WG

3. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 3 - 23 rd June 2014  Association of the Austrian Aeronautics/Supply/Industry  Founded 1999 as a non-profit organisation (membership fees)  Over 30 members (both large and SME companies)  Member of ASD (AeroSpace and Defence Industries Association of Europe), engaged in manifold commissions and groups of ASD  AAI-Quality Committee maintains the national EN9100/ICOP-scheme  Other AAI-Workinggroups: ILS-WG (S1000D) and UAS-WG  Long-standing relations (since the mid-1980s) to the:   respective organisations, companies and (research) facilities of the Austrian aeronautics community;   public authorities, in particular ministries (MOD, BMVIT, BMWFJ)   international aeronautics industry Austrian Aeronautics Industries Group (AAI)

4. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 4 - 23 rd June 2014 Annual Turnover – More than one billion €

5. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 5 - 23 rd June 2014 Key Competencies (Percentage of turnover)

6. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 6 - 23 rd June 2014 Founded August 2012 – meets quarterly (open for external companies)  Exchange with national authorities (BMVIT, Austrocontrol, MOD) especially for rulemaking and research funding  Cooperation of relevant national companies & research institutions Bridging Non-SME ↔ SME / civil ↔ military / Industry ↔ Research  Networking & representation vis-à-vis international institutions (UVSI-membership since 2013), plus marketing & events if required  About 30 members   1/3 of them full AAI-members (Schiebel, AIT, TU Wien, FH Joanneum)   rest of them mostly SMEs (developers) but also research institutions   Partner Org. (Austrian Aero-Club, Film and Music Industry Austria) AAI-UAS-Workinggroup (Unmanned Aircraft System – incl. Ground Station)

7. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 7 - 23 rd June 2014 First Austrian UAS Media Event (28 th May 2013, Graz Airport) Foto: © FH JOANNEUM/Klaus Pressberger

8. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 8 - 23 rd June 2014 UAS rulemaking in Austria First VLOS Regulation (Visual Line of Sight) from 1 st January 2014 UAS rulemaking in Austria First VLOS Regulation (Visual Line of Sight) from 1 st January 2014

9. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 9 - 23 rd June 2014 UAS = Aircraft! (blue boxes)

10. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 10 - 23 rd June 2014 International Institutions & Rules for manned aviation … Europe & EU Austria ICAO 1944/47* ICAN 1919-1947 ECAC 1955* (JAA till 2009) EASA 2003* Eurocontrol 1960* OZB (Ministry: BMVIT) ACG (Austro Control) 1994* Aeroclub (specific tasks) LH (Land) BH (District) EU (EC) (diverse DGs) Paris Conventions (1919, 1932/33) – Radiotelegraph Convention (1927)Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation (1944/47)Further Conventions: Warschau, Tokio, Den Haag, Montreal (1999) Agreement relating to Certificates of Airworthiness for Imported Aircraft (1961) Formerly: Joint Aviation Requirements (JAR) of the JAA (Joint Aviation Authorities) as rules EASA Basic Regulation: EC 216/2008 Implementing Reg. (IR): EC 748/2012 (DOA, POA) Implementing Reg.: EC 2042/2003 (Maintenance) Further IRs (Rules of the Air, etc.) Related: Certification Specifications (CS) and AMC/GM Austrian Aviation Act (Luftfahrtgesetz – LFG, 1957*) Austro Control Act (1993*) Diverse regulations by the federal ministry (BMVIT): Rules of the Air (LVR), Civil Air Staff (ZLPV) Civil aircraft/equipment (ZLLV), …

11. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 11 - 23 rd June 2014 International … and current developments for unmanned aviation Europe & EU Austria ICAO UAS Study Group EASA OZB (Ministry: BMVIT) ACG (Austro Control) Aeroclub (specific tasks) LH (Land) BH (District) EU (EC) DG ENTR, MOVE European RPAS Steering Group (ERSG) 2011: ICAO-Circular 328, AN/190  „UA(S) = aircraft“ Chicago Convention on International Civil Aviation 2012: Amendment 43 to Annex 2 („authorization“) Perspective: Further activities 2014 – 2016 Austrian Aviation Act: UAS-Amendment Entry into force: 1 st Jan. 2014 Amendment of regulations (ZLLV, LVR) Airworthiness & Operational Notice 67 (LBTH 67) by Austrocontrol UVS International JARUS EUROCAE WG 73 (>150kg) WG 93 (<150kg) AAI-UAS- WG > 150kg < 150kg Basic Regulation EC 216/2008 also relevant for UAS above 150kg MTOM – below national rules (?) 2012: EASA-Proposition NPA 2012-10 2014: EASA-Proposition NPA 2014-09 „Transposition of Amendment 43 to Annex 2 to the Chicago Convention on RPASs into common rules of the air“  Propably no clear rules untill 2016+

12. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 12 - 23 rd June 2014 Legal & regulatory changes in Austria from 1 st January 2014 Three unmanned classes (above „toy limit“ of 79 Joule):  Three unmanned classes (above „toy limit“ of 79 Joule):  Model Aircraft: „recreational“ – „purpose: only flight itself“  Model Aircraft : „recreational“ – „purpose: only flight itself“  Commercial: UAV Class 1 (VLOS) – UAV Class 2 (BVLOS)  Commercial: UAV Class 1 (VLOS) – UAV Class 2 (BVLOS) Authority: Austrocontrol (UAV Class1, 2) – Aeroclub (Model Aircraft)  Authority: Austrocontrol (UAV Class1, 2) – Aeroclub (Model Aircraft) Further regulations and details for operations:  Further regulations and details for operations:  BMVIT (Ministry): Amendment of ZLLV, LVR  BMVIT (Ministry): Amendment of ZLLV, LVR  Austrocontrol: LBTH 67 (AON 67)  Austrocontrol: LBTH 67 (AON 67) „Airworthiness and Operational Notice for Unmanned Aircraft below 150kg“  Currently only technical, operational and  Currently only technical, operational and personnel requirements for UAV Class 1 (VLOS) personnel requirements for UAV Class 1 (VLOS)  BVLOS (Beyond Visual Line of Sight) still open  BVLOS (Beyond Visual Line of Sight) still open

13. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 13 - 23 rd June 2014 Categorisation of UAS Class 1 (VLOS) by Austrocontrol (LBTH 67) see: www.austrocontrol.at/en/aviation_agency/licenses__permissions/flight_permissions/rpas Four categories (A to D), depending on weight and area of operation  Four categories (A to D), depending on weight and area of operation Light UAS in unpopulated areas face easier rules (certific./operation)  Light UAS in unpopulated areas face easier rules (certific./operation) Heavier UAS or UAS flying above populated areas face stricter rules  Heavier UAS or UAS flying above populated areas face stricter rules

14. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 14 - 23 rd June 2014 UAS Class 1 – Different requirements as per category (A to D) (For details, click the link on the previous slide or read the AAI fact sheet at www.aaig.at/uas) Airworthiness Requirements: certification  Cert. Spec., control, …  Airworthiness Requirements: certification  Cert. Spec., control, … Operational Requ.: insurance, incident reporting, operational logs, …  Operational Requ.: insurance, incident reporting, operational logs, … Personnel Requ.: age, minimum knowledge/experience, medical, …  Personnel Requ.: age, minimum knowledge/experience, medical, … Application form (for UAS Class 1 Operations)  Application form (for UAS Class 1 Operations) B and C (Certification Specifications Cat. B and C/D)  B and C (Certification Specifications Cat. B and C/D) D (Identification Plate)  D (Identification Plate) E (Operational Rules)  E (Operational Rules) F (FMEA: Failure Mode & Effect Analysis, Cat. B to D)  F (FMEA: Failure Mode & Effect Analysis, Cat. B to D) N (Noise: limits & measurement)  N (Noise: limits & measurement) Annexes of LBTH 67 (AON 67)

15. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 15 - 23 rd June 2014 Foto: © AAI (Ritzinger) Source: Austrocontrol / Glatzl (AERO ´14)

16. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 16 - 23 rd June 2014 Experiences with Austrocontrol up to now – The Facts More than 110 applications  More than 110 applications until 8 th April 2014 (A … D) until 8 th April 2014 (A … D) A and B dominated then  A and B dominated then because of easier requirements because of easier requirements C/D  Redundancy a problem  C/D  Redundancy a problem (Failure Mode & Effect Analysis) (Failure Mode & Effect Analysis) Now (June 2014): More than 160 applications  Now (June 2014): More than 160 applications Trend towards more C/D-applications Up to now only about 25 certifications „Choice between ‚fun killer‘ (‚Spaßbremse‘) and irresponsible“  „Choice between ‚fun killer‘ (‚Spaßbremse‘) and irresponsible“ (Heinz Sommerbauer, CEO Austrocontrol, Press Conference, 14 th May) (Heinz Sommerbauer, CEO Austrocontrol, Press Conference, 14 th May) Source: Austrocontrol / Glatzl (AERO ´14)

17. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 17 - 23 rd June 2014 Foto: © AAI (Ritzinger) First certified flight of a civil UAV Class 1 (VLOS) in Austria Pilot(s) Cameraman Dynamic Perspective for a Red Bull Media Event Thurn Pass (Kitzbühel Alps) Friday 24 th January 2014

18. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 18 - 23 rd June 2014 Experiences up to now – Challenges Legal Discussions about boundary between „model aircraft“  Legal Discussions about boundary between „model aircraft“ and UAS (Class 1, 2)  especially for camera flights (FPV, …) and UAS (Class 1, 2)  especially for camera flights (FPV, …) „If certification is too complicated we will fly illegally“  „If certification is too complicated we will fly illegally“ (Statement by photo/film-maker during an event with Austrocontrol) (Statement by photo/film-maker during an event with Austrocontrol) Current challenges with Austrocontrol:  Current challenges with Austrocontrol:  Too few ressources & „case-by-case review“ (individually)  Too few ressources & „case-by-case review“ (individually)  Content uncertainty (about future European regulations)  Content uncertainty (about future European regulations)  Structural uncertainty (retransfer of Austrocontrol into BMVIT)  Structural uncertainty (retransfer of Austrocontrol into BMVIT)  Current handling time of an application: 3 – 4 months  Current handling time of an application: 3 – 4 months  High costs (for an SME) – heavy operational limits (20´ per day)  High costs (for an SME) – heavy operational limits (20´ per day) Further legal questions:  Further legal questions:  Data Protection/Privacy, further Civil Law (landlord permission),  Data Protection/Privacy, further Civil Law (landlord permission), Insurance, Regional Laws (Lands), Radio Frequencies Insurance, Regional Laws (Lands), Radio Frequencies

19. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 19 - 23 rd June 2014  Civil UAS-certification and operation in Austria legally possible from 1 st January 2014 – but many details are „open“ (tech/ops) from 1 st January 2014 – but many details are „open“ (tech/ops) „Uncharted territory“:  Stepwise approach realistic for Austria  „Uncharted territory“:  Stepwise approach realistic for Austria  Start with VLOS (stepwise) – BVLOS later  Start with VLOS (stepwise) – BVLOS later  „Pioneers“ (first applicants) meet risks and chances  „Pioneers“ (first applicants) meet risks and chances Structural challenges:  sufficient ressources at Austrocontrol  Structural challenges:  sufficient ressources at Austrocontrol  … maybe support by AeroClub-experts  … maybe support by AeroClub-experts  „well established process“ (e.g. AMC)  „well established process“ (e.g. AMC)  Future European developments (EASA)  Future European developments (EASA) Legal challenges:  Prosecution of illegal flights  Legal challenges:  Prosecution of illegal flights  Legal status of a camera for models  Legal status of a camera for models  First Revision of LBTH 67 (AON 67)  First Revision of LBTH 67 (AON 67) Conclusions & Outlook

20. Austrian Experiences – VLOS Rulemaking 2014 - 20 - 23 rd June 2014 Thanks for your attention! Further Questions? AAI – Austrian Aeronautics Industries Group Kramergasse 1/3 A-1010 Wien (Vienna) +43 – 1 – 533 09 73 – 0 www.aaig.at/uas – office@aaig.at Raoul Fortner, MSc Deputy Secretary General +43 – 1 – 533 09 73 – 14 r.fortner@aaig.at