1. UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” CHAPTER 4 : Part 1 INTRODUCTION TO SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT: SYSTEM ANALYSIS & DESIGN

2. UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” Module Objectives At the end of the module, students should be able to: understand the term and concept of system analysis and design understand the concept of software engineering and its importance To understand how to solve problem analytically To discuss the concept and importance of algorithm in developing programs To understand and create flow chart to organized information / data and the flow of process

3. UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” Computer Systems System – an organized set of related components established to accomplish a certain task –Computer system – a system that has a computer as one of its components

4. UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” Systems Analysis & Design Analysis - studying an existing system to determine how it works and how it meets users’ needs –Typically happens as a result of some impetus for change, combined with the authority to make the change Design - the process of developing a plan for an improved system, based on the result of the systems analysis

5. UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” Individuals Involved in Systems Analysis Systems analyst – performs analysis and design –May perform some programming as well Client – the person or organization contracting to have the work done User – the people who will have contact with the system

6. UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” What is software? Computer programs and associated documentation such as requirements, design models and user manuals. Software products may be developed for a particular customer or may be developed for a general market. Software products may be –Generic - developed to be sold to a range of different customers e.g. PC software such as Excel or Word. –Bespoke (custom) - developed for a single customer according to their specification

7. UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” What is software engineering? Software systems are now ubiquitous. –Virtually all electrical equipment now includes some kind of software The specification, development, management and evolution of these systems make up the discipline of software engineering - an engineering discipline that is concerned with all aspects of software production. Software engineers adopt a systematic and organized approach to their work and use appropriate tools and techniques depending on the problem to be solved, the development constraints and the resources available.

8. UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” Attributes of good software? The software delivered should : –Have required functionality –Have required performance –Be maintainable –Be dependable and usable.

9. UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” Software Process A set of activities whose goal is the development or evolution of software. Generic activities in all software processes are: –Specification - what the system should do and its development constraints –Development - production of the software system –Validation - checking that the software is what the customer wants –Evolution - changing the software in response to changing demands.

10. UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” Software Process Model (SPM) A simplified representation of a software process, presented from a specific perspective. A set of activities whose goal is the development or evolution of software Examples of process perspectives are –Workflow perspective - sequence of activities; –Data-flow perspective - information flow; –Role/action perspective - who does what. Example of generic process models –Waterfall, Iterative development, Spiral, rapid prototyping, etc

11. UNIVERSITI TENAGA NASIONAL “Generates Professionals” Waterfall Model (SPM)